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Matt Keegan has maintained his love for cars ever since his father taught him kicking tires can be one way to uncover a problem with a vehicle’s suspension system. He since moved on to learn a few things about coefficient of drag, G-forces, toe-heel shifting, and how to work the crazy infotainment system in some random weekly driver. Matt is a member of the Washington Automotive Press Association and is a contributor to various print and online media sources.

The History of the Toyota Sequoia

December 4, 2019 by admin 2 Comments

The 2020 Toyota Sequoia TRD Pro in Army Green.

The Toyota Sequoia is a full-size SUV, based on the platform underpinning the Toyota Tundra pickup truck. This SUV competes in a narrow segment, one dominated by the Chevrolet Tahoe, GMC Yukon, Ford Expedition and represented in later years by the Nissan Armada.

Toyota released the Sequoia in 2001. That first-generation model was built for seven years, then replaced it with the second-generation Sequoia for 2008. That model remains in production until this day, an uncharacteristically long time for a manufacturer to stick with the same generation.

First-Generation Sequoia

Upon its debut, the 2001 Sequoia offered a 4.7-liter V8 engine paired with a four-speed automatic transmission. It is rated at 240 horsepower and 315 pound-feet of torque. Its fuel economy is abysmal, making just 12 mpg in the city, 16 mpg on the highway, for a combined 14 mpg. At least it runs on regular gasoline.

As always, the Sequoia offers standard rear-wheel drive and available four-wheel drive. Its original towing capacity is 6,500 pounds. Its 11-inch clearance beats the competition. Optional stability control and side-curtain airbags are two other features of note. The Sequoia seats eight, while its domestic competitors seat as many as nine.

A Refreshed Sequoia

In 2005, Toyota refreshed the Sequoia by refreshing the front fascia and grille, updating the taillamps, and rolling out new packages. Other new features included push-button engagement for the four-wheel-drive system and an optional navigation system.

Performance improved that year too as the V8 engine makes 282 horsepower and 325 pound-feet of torque. A five-speed automatic replaced the previous four-speed. The fuel economy also improved with the 2005 Sequoia rated as high as 14/17/15 mpg city/highway/combined.

Second-Generation Sequoia

With the second-generation Sequoia, Toyota took another page out of the domestic challenger’s playbook by replacing the original model within the usual 6-7 year timeframe. As before, the Sequoia is based on the Tundra’s latest platform. The 2008 Sequoia gained four inches between the wheels although its overall length is extended by just over one inch.

The big news was the addition of a second V8 engine, this one displacing 5.7 liters and making 381 horsepower and 401 pound-feet of torque. This one works with a six-speed automatic transmission and makes 14/19/15 mpg city/highway/combined.

Among the improvements rolled out were a rear independent suspension and a locking differential on four-wheel-drive models. Other improvements and options included navigation, a rearview camera, a rear entertainment system, Bluetooth, upgraded audio systems, and laser cruise control. The towing capacity also rose to as high as 7,400 pounds.

Changes down through the years included a new 4,6-liter base engine paired to a six-speed automatic transmission beginning in 2010. In 2012, blind-spot monitoring became optional on the top-trim model. Beginning in 2013, the Sequoia offered just one engine, choosing to keep the larger of the two V8s.

A Refreshed Sequoia, Take Two

Instead of replacing the second-generation Sequoia, which had already lasted a full decade, Toyota refreshed the model beginning in 2018. Among the new features were standard LED headlights, daytime running lights, and fog lights. Expanded trim levels and new safety features such as automatic emergency braking rolled out.

For 2020, the Toyota Sequoia benefits from additional changes, including expanded driver-assist features, a new TRD Pro trim, and Apple CarPlay and Android Auto smartphone compatibility.

The Future

We doubt Toyota will roll out a new Sequoia. Sales are quite small, averaging 12,000 to 13,000 units annually. That’s less than half the sales the Sequoia commanded when the latest model rolled out and a far cry from the peak 70,817 units sold in 2002. We expect the Sequoia to have at least a few more years left before it rides off into the sunset.

2020 Toyota Sequoia Specifications

Toyota	2020 Sequoia
Segment	Fullsize SUV
Price Range	$49,905 to $65,945
Destination Charge	$1,395
Standard Engine	5.7-liter, V8
Horsepower	381 @ 5,600 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	401 @ 3,600 rpm
Transmission	6-speed automatic
Seating	8
Curb Weight (pounds)	5,730 to 6,000
Wheelbase (inches)	122.0
Length (inches)	205.1
Width (inches)	79.9
Height (inches)	77.0
Headroom (f,r…inches)	34.8, 34.9, 34.5
Legroom (f,r…inches)	42.5, 40.9, 35.3
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	66.4, 65.6, 65.7
Hip room (f,r…inches)	62.5, 59.9, 50.4
Storage (cubic feet)	18.9, 66.6, 120.1
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	7,100 to 7,300
Towing (pounds)	7,000 to 7,400
Payload (pounds)	1,300 to 1,405
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	26.4
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	13/18/15 (2WD) 13/17/14 (4WD)
Manufacturing Plant	Princeton, Indiana

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

See Also — Iconic SUV: 2017 Toyota Land Cruiser

Photo copyright Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

Highlights of the 2020 Ford Ranger

December 2, 2019 by admin Leave a Comment

The FX-2 package is new with the 2020 Ford Ranger.

The Ford Ranger is back and in some ways it is better than ever. Indeed, the current model, which was released in 2019, is now a midsize pickup truck. This means it is better suited to take on the likes of the Toyota Tacoma, Chevrolet Colorado, Nissan Frontier, Jeep Gladiator, and GMC Canyon.

Joining the F-150 and Super Duty, the Ranger gives Ford a wider breadth in the pickup truck segment, which has been steadily growing over the past few years. We’ll look at the new pickup truck, including where it all began and up to today’s model.

Ford’s Ranger Pickup Truck

1. The original Ranger debuts.

Ford rolled out the original Ranger in 1983, its first home-grown compact pickup truck. That original model replaced the Courier, itself a compact truck built and supplied by Mazda for the previous 11 model years.

2. Three generations, then a long break.

Ford built the original Ranger from 1983 to 2011, covering three generations. The first generation was built until 1992, then followed by the second-generation Ranger (1993-1997). From 1988 to 2011, the third-generation Ranger held sway. Interestingly, Ford supplied Mazda with a variant beginning in 1993. Ford also built a small number of Ranger electric vehicles beginning in 1998.

3. The long hiatus.

Canceled following the 2011 model year, an all-new Ranger debuted for global markets, but North America was kept from having one. Ford vowed that the Ranger would not return stateside, instead deciding to serve the new model abroad while investing in the larger F-Series to serve the domestic market. However, once GM brought back its twin Chevrolet and GMC models to great fanfare, Ford rethought its position and decided to supply a Ranger to the U.S. market once again.

4. The Ranger returns.

Ford’s promised Ranger returned in 2019 following an 8-year absence. The new model features Crew Cab and Super Cab four-door choices with six- and five-foot beds, respectively. Only one powertrain combination is offered: a 2.3-liter turbocharged four-cylinder engine paired with a 10-speed automatic transmission. Ford markets the Ranger in XL, XLT, and Lariat trims. Rear-wheel drive is standard; four-wheel drive is available.

5. Light changes for its second year.

Following the successful launch of its new pickup truck, the second-year model is virtually unchanged. Among the changes are a new FX-2 off-road package and small changes to standard feature availability. As for the FX-2 package, it’s designed for two-wheel-drive models, bundling such features as an electronic-locking rear differential, off-road tires, an off-road-tuned suspension, a front underbody guard, and Ford’s off-road cluster screen.

6. Payload and towing capabilities.

The all-new Ranger has a 7,500-pound tow rating along with a 1,860-pound payload capacity. Only the Jeep Gladiator at 7,700 pounds tops the Ranger in towing, while no other model matches the Ranger’s payload prowess.

2020 Ford Ranger

Costing from $24,410 to $32,500, the 2020 Ranger is in the middle of the pickup truck pack price-wise. Fully loaded, your price will approach $45,000 and that’s several thousand dollars less than the top end for such models as the Jeep Gladiator and GMC Canyon. However, both competing models offer multiple powertrain choices, including a diesel engine, something the Ranger lacks.

2020 Ford Ranger Specifications

Ford	2020 Ranger
Segment	Midsize Pickup Truck
Price Range	$24,410 to $32,500
Destination Charge	$1,195
Standard Engine	2.3-liter, turbo I4
Horsepower	270 hp @ 5,500 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	310 lb.-ft. @ 3,000 rpm
Transmission	10-speed automatic
Seating	4 or 5
Curb Weight (pounds)	4,145 to 4,441
Wheelbase (inches)	126.8
Length (inches)	210.8
Width (inches)	85.8
Height (inches)	71.1
Headroom (f,r…inches)	39.8, 38.3
Legroom (f,r…inches)	43.1, 34.5
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	56.7, 56.3
Hip room (f,r…inches)	55.8, 53.5
Storage (cubic feet)	43.3
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	7,500
Payload (pounds)	1,560 to 1,860
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	18
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	21/26/23 (2WD)
Manufacturing Plant	Wayne, Michigan

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

See Also — Ford Ranger Fun Facts

Photos copyright the Ford Motor Company.

The Statement-Making Lincoln Aviator

November 29, 2019 by admin Leave a Comment

The Lincoln Aviator crosses a one-lane bridge in Moore County, NC.

The Lincoln marque is once again undergoing a major overhaul, this time with new utility vehicle-based models. Ford’s luxury brand is also moving away from its three-letter naming convention, choosing traditional and new names featuring nautical and aviation themes.

Suggesting movement, the current nomenclature now covers all four SUVs — Navigator, Aviator, Nautilus, and Corsair. Separately, a pair of sedans remain — the large Continental along with the midsize MKZ. We think the latter is in its final year as the similar Ford Fusion is also being discontinued.

With a heavy utility vehicle focus, the Lincoln Motor Company (as identified by Ford) is all-in on the kinds of models customers want. Although its current roster shares its underpinnings with like Ford models, attention to detail, engineering, and luxury appointments have improved tremendously and supply further separation.

2020 Lincoln Aviator Models

For 2020, the Lincoln Aviator debuts, a name familiar to fans. From 2003 to 2005, Lincoln offered an Aviator which was based on the Explorer. Once again, the two models share a common platform, but this time the Lincoln features a distinct exterior design and interior layout.

The 2020 Aviator comes in five trims: Standard ($51,100), Reserve ($56,190), Grand Touring ($68,800), Black Label ($77,695), and Black Label Grand Touring ($87,800). These prices do not include the $1,095 destination charge. This model comes with standard rear-wheel drive or available all-wheel drive. A plug-in hybrid electric version is marketed separately.

Our top-trim test model costs just over $91,000. Yes, it is possible to have more than $40,000 worth of upgrades for Lincoln’s second most expensive model. As for its large Navigator, it is the price leader with a fully optioned model approaching $103,000.

The Aviator is a three-row SUV with room for six or seven.

9/10-Scale Navigator

The new Aviator is approximately 90 percent of the size of the stretch Navigator. Its design roughly parallels the Navigator, a look we like. However, there are some differences, including in the chrome grille surround design. The Aviator’s design is stately, featuring a bold front fascia, strong shoulders, upright pillars, and crisp lines.

Among the standard features are full-LED lights all around, a power liftgate, and a quad-tip exhaust system. Lincoln dresses the Aviator with stylish 20-inch wheels.

The list of upgrades include such features as adaptive headlamps, LED fog lamps, an illuminated Lincoln Star logo, 21-inch wheels, running boards, and approach lighting.

High-End Luxury

Lincoln went to great pains to ensure the Aviator has the features needed to take on its competitors. There is ample room for five across the first two rows with the third-row seat best assigned for carrying two children.

The cabin has a luxurious feel with even the standard models dressed in imitation leather. A tilt-and-telescopic steering column, push-button start, power controlled and heated front seats, a power-folding third-row seat, and three-zone climate control chart the list of included features.

Where the Aviator truly struts its stuff is with the Black Label trims. Here, Lincoln offers three design themes — flight, destination, and chalet. Each one offers unique color schemes, wood trim, and patterning. That said, you don’t have to opt for the top-trim to get loads of amenities. Indeed, beginning with the Reserve trim, Lincoln adds such features as a power tilt-and-telescopic steering column, leather-trimmed seats, and four-zone climate control. This trim also features second-row captain’s chairs, ambient lighting, and a second-row mini console.

The third-row seats are power-operated across all trims.

Tech and Safety Features

Straight out of the gate Lincoln supplies the 2020 Aviator with laudable tech features, including a 12.3-inch configurable instrument cluster, a 10.1-inch touch-screen display (that sits like a laptop screen on top of the center stack), a Wi-Fi hotspot, Android Auto and Apple CarPlay smartphone compatibility, USB ports, and a 10-speaker audio system.

Among the upgrades is a fantastic 28-speaker Revel audio system (a 14-speaker system is also available), navigation, and a rear entertainment system. A wireless charging pad is optional.

On the safety front, Lincoln offers an impressive suite of driver-assist technologies. To begin, Lincoln includes automatic high beams, blind-spot monitoring, active lane control, and automatic emergency braking. Available features include front parking sensors, a head-up display, and adaptive cruise control.

Engine Choices

Every Aviator model is powered by a 3.0-liter twin-turbocharged V6 engine with 400 horsepower and 415 pound-feet of torque. A 10-speed automatic transmission shuttles power to the wheels. This model earns an EPA-estimated 18 mpg in the city, 26 mpg on the highway for a combined 21 mpg. With all-wheel drive, the ratings are 17/24/20 mpg city/highway/combined.

The hybrid version utilizes the same engine and adds a battery-powered electric motor. Thus, the hybrid isn’t just more efficient than the base model, but it delivers more power — a jaw-dropping 494 horsepower and 630 pound-feet of torque.

Full power is always at the ready with the Aviator. Indeed, its step-off acceleration is strong and passing power is excellent. Under full throttle, the engine is loud, which may seem out of character for a luxury model. Additional sound-deadening materials might help here.

Plush seats with heating, ventilation, and massaging
cosset the first-row passengers.

We’re thrilled that this Lincoln has standard rear-wheel drive as it seems better planted on the road, especially when navigating twisty pavement. The steering system is nicely weighted, while the ride benefits from air suspension on the upper trims. On all-wheel-drive models, up to half its power can shift to the front wheels, but not from side to side. The usual drive mode select dial manages gear shift points and steering weight.

The Lincoln’s strong engine means you won’t miss a V8, while enjoying a slight boost in fuel economy over what a larger engine might offer. As for towing, the Aviator pulls up to 6,700 pounds. Competing models include the Audi Q7, which pulls up to 7,700 pounds and the Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class and its 7,200-pound tow capacity.

Aviator Considerations

The all-new Aviator serves notice that Lincoln is a serious competitor in the segment. On paper, we think it is a better vehicle than the Cadillac XT6, the model nearest in size to the Aviator. Lately, Lincoln seems to be doing a better job than its American rival in all things SUVs.

That said, we heard enough squeaks and rattles while driving the Aviator to be concerned. Further, there were some build quality issues reported early on, including a scrambled instrument panel, which is related to software problems dogging this model. If you’re interested in buying one, avoiding those built during the summer or early fall seems best. Sitting out a model year is an option for customers who still want one, but prefer Lincoln to work out the kinks. We think they will as Ford invested more than $1 billion in upgrading the Chicago Assembly Plant which builds the Explorer and Aviator.

Long term, we believe the Aviator is a promising model for Lincoln. The Reserve trim with all-wheel drive may offer the best bang for the buck, costing about $60,000 before several package options weigh in. This represents a strong price point for a three-row luxury SUV.

The available captain’s chairs grace the second row.

2020 Lincoln Aviator Specifications

Lincoln	2020 Aviator
Segment	Midsize crossover
Price Range	$51,100 to $77,695
Destination Charge	$1,095
Engine No. 1	3.0-liter, turbocharged V6
Horsepower	400 @ 5,000 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	415 @ 3,000 rpm
Transmission	10-speed automatic
Engine No.2	3.0-liter, V6
Horsepower	494 @ 5,500 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	630 @ 2,250 rpm
Transmission	10-speed automatic
Seating	6 or 7
Curb Weight (pounds)	4,774 to 5,673
Wheelbase (inches)	119.1
Length (inches)	199.3
Width (inches)	79.6
Height (inches)	69.6
Headroom (f,r…inches)	41.5, 39.7, 36.9
Legroom (f,r…inches)	43.0, 40.1, 29.2
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	61.5, 61.3, 54.0
Hip room (f,r…inches)	58.5, 58.3, 40.9
Storage (cubic feet)	18.3, 41.8, 77.7
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	5,600 to 6,700
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	Regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	20.2; 18(Grand Touring)
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	18/26/21 (RWD); 17/24/20 (AWD)
Manufacturing Plant	Chicago, Illinois

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

5 Forgettable Cars From the 1980s

November 27, 2019 by admin 1 Comment

The 1980s can be defined in one word: us. For that’s the decade when Americans began to cast off the memory of the Watergate scandal and the lost Vietnam War of the 1970s. Consumerism, especially materialism, was in vogue and global trade brought the first cars from Yugoslavia, Brazil and South Korea to the US marketplace. Three foreign models and two cars from Cadillac were among the five forgettable cars sold during the 1980s.

1. Zastava Yugo GV

If there was any vehicle from the 1980s that should be beaten with an ugly stick, the Yugo GV was it. Produced by Zastava, a Yugoslavian automotive manufacturer, the Yugo GV was based on an aged Fiat design. That alone should have clued in buyers that this sub-$4,000 subcompact was not a competitor in the small car market. Notably, its 55-horsepower four-cylinder engine failed prematurely and owners complained about its faulty electrical system, poor transmission shifter, and bad brakes.

Zastava Yugo GB headquarters with sample models in front.

Yugo managed to hang on for seven years even as its American subsidiary went bankrupt and an updated model was introduced just before the GV (stands for good value) was canceled in 1991. This model would certainly be forgettable except for the simple reason that it keeps showing up on everyone’s list of the worst vehicles of all time. Sorry to remind you.

2. Cadillac deVille V8-6-4

The Cadillac deVille of the early 1980s was a good car or as good as what General Motors was producing at that time. In the early 1980s, GM engineering developed a V-8 engine that could shut down two to four cylinders in a bid to save fuel. The 6.2-liter V8-6-4 engine was outfitted with a computer command module that managed cylinder operation. Unfortunately, that system was years ahead of its time and failed. Despite more than a dozen updates, GM had to cancel the technology after just one model year and restore all sold V8-6-4 engines to V8-only status.

81 Cadillac Sedan de Ville V864 — This 1981 Cadillac deVille originally featured cylinder deactivation.

Today, GM makes use of what they call “active fuel management” in many of its vehicles with that technology successfully shutting down unneeded cylinders to save fuel. Redemption is so sweet: just forget the dud technology from three decades earlier and concentrate on what’s available today.

3. Volkswagen Fox

Volkswagen’s hold on the compact vehicle segment began to slip in the 1970s as Toyota, Nissan (Datsun), and Honda entered the US market. By the 1980s, this German car manufacturer wanted to expand its North American product line by introducing a low-cost model. Volkswagen turned to its Brazilian subsidiary for that car, the Gol, renaming it the Volkswagen Fox for the US market.

It wasn’t that the Fox was a terrible car. Rather, it was bland and did very little to bolster Volkswagen’s US image. At that time the Golf and the Jetta were its two most important models, joined in 1990 by the Passat sedan and wagon. 1993 was the last model year for the North American Fox, a model that is still produced in Brazil, but now represents a subcompact vehicle.

4. Hyundai Excel

The first model Hyundai shipped to the US was the Excel, a subcompact hatchback based on the Mitsubishi Precis. It was also available as a sedan when it went on sale in 1985. This car is simply forgettable for the reason that it was also unremarkable, representing this Korean manufacturer’s initial attempt to penetrate the US market.

The Hyundai Excel hung around for nine years and was soon joined by a coupe variant called the Hyundai Scoupe. When introduced, the Hyundai Excel retailed for $4,995, which means it was priced lower than its Japanese competitors. However, quality issues surfaced including consumer complaints that the paint faded, body panels were wavy, and the window cranks failed. Later, Hyundai invested huge sums of money to raise quality levels and began backing their vehicles with 10-year, 100,000-mile warranties. The impressive quality of today’s Hyundai vehicles makes forgetting the Excel an easy thing to do.

5. Cadillac Cimarron

If there is any particular model that represents Cadillac’s earlier decline as a luxury manufacturer, the Cadillac Cimarron may be it. GM tried to qualify what customers were getting by calling this compact sedan “Cimarron by Cadillac” as if it wasn’t a Cadillac model. The biggest problem with the Cimarron is that is looked suspiciously like a dressed-up version of the Chevrolet Cavalier and it was. Worse, all three other GM car brands of that era were given like models, further diluting the Cimarron.

1981 cimarron 1 — Cadillac’s first compact sedan was this Cimarron.

The Cadillac Cimarron represents a classic example of what happens when you take short cuts. GM, in need of a small car for Cadillac, chose not to invest the required money to build a unique model for its premier division. Cadillac sold the Cimarron for six years before the plug was pulled. By that time customers were leaving the brand in droves as upstart luxury marques from Japan (e.g., Infiniti and Lexus) began making inroads.

Just Forget About It

No matter the decade, there will always be a handful of models that stand out, but for all the wrong reasons. Manufacturers hope that you forget them as they seek to remedy past mistakes by fielding newer and improved models.

See Also — 5 Forgettable Cars From the 1970s

How to Jump-Start Your Car

November 26, 2019 by admin Leave a Comment

You just finished with your shopping and have returned to your car only to discover that the ignition does not turn over. Upon further inspection, you have discovered that the battery has died and you are stranded.

But not all is lost — with jumper cables at the ready and with the help of another motorist, you should be able to revive the battery and get your car started by following several important steps carefully.

Jump starting a car means securing the positive and negative connections first.

1. Assemble Your Tools

The only tool you will need to jump-start a car is a set of jumper cables. A rag or a wire brush can come in handy for wiping away battery corrosion that may have built up on one or more of the terminals.

2. Pull the Cars Close

Attempt to pull the working car as close to the non-working vehicle as possible. Do not allow them to touch as that vehicle-to-vehicle connection will cause a short.

Turn the working car’s engine off, then raise and secure each car’s hood.

3. Connect the Cable Leads

Begin by connecting the positive cable lead to the positive terminal of the good battery, before connecting the negative cable lead to the negative terminal on that same battery.

Take the other end of the jumper cable to the non-working car and attach the negative cable lead to a solid metal surface such as its engine.

Connect the positive cable lead to the battery’s positive terminal. Ensure that each connection is firm and secure.

4. Start Your Engines

Start the engine in the working car first. Permit the car to run at least one minute to allow the battery to fully charge. Next, start the engine in the second car.

If the engine turns over, your battery is salvageable. If not, you can attempt to start the car two more times. If it fails to turn over, then likely you’ll need to replace a dead battery. However, if the battery is new, then the alternator is the culprit and will need to be replaced, not the battery.

5. Disconnect the Cable

Keep the cars connected for one or two minutes to allow the revived battery to build up a charge. Then, disconnect the black leads from each battery first, followed by the red leads. Store your jumper cables as before.

Car Battery Diagnosis

As soon as you can, have your battery diagnosed by your mechanic or service center to determine whether it should be replaced or whether some other electrical problem is present. Always know your battery’s expected lifespan and plan to have it replaced before then.

Photo courtesy of Pixabay.

5 Forgettable Cars From the 1970s

November 23, 2019 by admin 2 Comments

It was during the 1970s when automakers from Japan began to find a market among the big American cars of that era. As Toyota, Honda and Datsun (later Nissan) products began to take hold, American car manufacturers responded by producing several smaller models to counter the overseas invasion.

Unfortunately, many of those products were duds as manufacturers were not able to replicate the success that they had with big cars and translate it into compact and smaller models. Five models from that era have been largely forgotten, vehicles that sullied the reputation of American manufacturers.

1. Ford Pinto

Ford’s first major foray into the subcompact car class was a bomb. Literally. The Ford Pinto went on sale in 1971 and stayed on the market for 10 years. Despite selling more than 3 million units over its history and also yielding a Mercury Bobcat variant, the Pinto became synonymous with fiery explosions.

The Ford Pinto was built for 10 years from 1971–1980.
Foreground car is a restored example;
background is a hot-rodded version with popup headlights.

Sold in hatchback, coupe, and wagon configurations, the Ford Pinto had a serious design flaw, one that could ignite the car if it was hit from behind. Specifically, the structural design of the fuel tank filler neck was discovered to break off when the car was rear-ended. Deadly fires were the result. Worse, was the revelation of an internal memo that revealed Ford knew about the defect, but had weighed the $11 cost of repair per car against the cost of legal settlements. It took the work of the independent Mother Jones magazine to shed light on the problem and hasten the Pinto’s demise.

2. Chevrolet Vega

The same year that Ford rolled out the Pinto, Chevrolet introduced the Vega. It, too, was available in coupe, wagon, and station wagon body styles, a subcompact that stayed in production for eight years. Quality problems dogged the Vega and ultimately led to the model’s end after nearly 2 million units were produced.

This Chevrolet Vega Panel Express model was the
1970s version of a shooting brake.

Among the chief problems with the Chevrolet Vega were its aluminum engine as it buckled and leaked. Rust was another problem, which showed up in areas beneath the windshield, the door bottoms and rocker panels. The heat was turned up on GM when consumer advocate Ralph Nader, head of the Center for Auto Safety, sent GM’s chairman a 12-page letter outlining the Vega’s problems calling the vehicle “sloppily crafted, unreliable and [an] unsafe vehicle.” Nader pressured GM into backing its repaired engines with a five-year, 50,000-mile warranty, something the automaker later provided. Despite largely remedying the engine problems and countering the rust issues by upgrading to galvanized steel, the Vega was canceled as a result of sharply falling sales.

3. Dodge Omni and Plymouth Horizon

The Dodge Omni and twin Plymouth Horizon were introduced in 1978. These two front-wheel-drive models and their variants, including the Dodge Rampage stayed around until 1990 with nearly 1 million copies sold during that time. Parent Chrysler Corporation tapped its European arm, Simca, to design the cars that were remarkably similar in appearance to the Volkswagen Rabbit that made its debut in 1974. Its initial engines were supplied by Volkswagen, but engine production limitations held demand in check.

This Plymouth Horizon is the twin to the Dodge Omni.

An early review by Consumer Reports cast the Dodge Omni in a negative light, as it found that the car lost control in hard maneuvering. That “not acceptable” rating dogged Chrysler, but it did lead the automaker to make design modifications to the steering system. To Chrysler’s credit, its first attempt at a subcompact car proved better than its American competitors, but the Dodge Omni and Plymouth Horizon are now largely forgotten.

4. AMC Pacer

The American Motors Corporation (AMC) was in a distant fourth place when it introduced its compact Pacer hatchback and station wagon in 1975. Its style was aerodynamic and rounded, a vehicle that was compared to the flying cars in the Jetsons cartoon. Despite its futuristic look, the AMC Pacer had several contemporary problems that hindered its success.

American Motors owned Jeep, but also had a line of cars
including this quirky Pacer.

For instance, a large amount of glass was used, including the wraparound rear quarter panels, which brought in much light. It also created much heat, necessitating the inclusion of air conditioning, then an option in most cars. It was also underpowered with its weak V6 engine struggling to move this “flying fishbowl.” To make room for a V8 engine, AMC had to modify the hood to house the larger engine. Initially, AMC had planned to source a lighter weight Wankel rotary engine from GM to power the Pacer, but when GM canceled that program an archaic V6 was used instead. Perhaps the Pacer would have turned out to be a memorable car had a rotary engine powered this car instead.

5. Chevrolet Monza

The Chevrolet Monza was based on the Chevy Vega platform, a model intended to compete with the Ford Mustang II, itself a larger variant based on the Pinto platform. The Chevy Monza, like the AMC Pacer, was designed with a Wankel rotary engine in mind. But, when GM found that complying with stringent emissions requirements would be too costly, it dropped the engine. Still, production of the Monza was on and various four-, six-, and eight-cylinder engines were utilized.

Chevrolet offered the Monza in various coupe,
hatchback, and wagon styles.

The Chevy Monza lasted for six model years, debuting in 1975. It also spawned like models sold by other GM brands including the Buick Skyhawk, the Pontiac Sunbird, and the Oldsmobile Starfire. The Monza reflected many of the quality problems that GM’s small cars of the 1970s had, namely ineffective suspension systems, missing screws, poor fit and finish, and rust.

Few and Far Between

Head to any car collector event and you’ll be hard-pressed to find any of the five mentioned cars among the 1970s classics. The Detroit automakers have since learned their lessons and are now building high quality, small cars that help consumers forget the earlier models.

Public domain and licensed photos acquired from Wikipedia.

Buying Guide: 2020 Kia Sedona

November 21, 2019 by admin Leave a Comment

The 2020 Kia Sedona is one of just a handful of minivans.

The Kia Sedona is a minivan, one of just a handful of models in a shrinking segment Although most shoppers will consider a crossover first, vehicles like the Sedona offer exceptional utility, superior access and egress, and decent overall value. The 2020 Kia Sedona is a carryover model with no changes.

Your Choice of Trims

The Kia Sedona comes in four trims: L, LX, EX, and SX. Pricing starts at $28,485 including destination and reaches $42,345 at the top end. This model seats up to eight and is front-wheel drive.

One Engine, One Transmission

Every Sedona comes with a 3.3-liter V6 engine with 276 horsepower and 248 pound-feet of torque. Power is routed to the front wheels with an 8-speed automatic transmission.

This model makes 18 mpg in the city and 24 mpg on the highway for a combined 21 mpg. When properly equipped, the Sedona has a 3,500-pound towing capacity.

Passenger and Cargo Capacity

The Sedona’s cabin is spacious and quiet with room for eight passengers across three rows. The first two rows are the most comfortable ones for adults with the last row offering narrower space and tighter legroom.

As for storage space, the Sedona offers 33.9 cubic feet behind the third row, which is slightly better than the Honda Odyssey. Fold down the rear seat and storage capacity jumps to 78.4 cubic feet. With the second- and third-row seats folded, there is 142.0 cubic feet of storage room available, nearly matching the Chrysler Pacifica.

Safety Features

Kia’s key driver-assist features are reserved for the top EX and SX trims only. Under its “Drive Wise” suite, Kia offers parking distance warning, blind-spot collision warning, and rear cross-traffic collision warning. That said, the Toyota Sienna has the best roster of standard advanced safety equipment in the segment.

Optional with the EX, but standard with the top-trim SX, Kia includes lane departure warning, forward collision warning and avoidance, driver attention warning, high beam assist, and adaptive cruise control with full stop and go. Exclusive to the SX are low beam assist with adaptive lighting and a surround-view monitor.

Technology & Connectivity

Kia equips the 2020 Sedona with a 7-inch touch-screen display screen. Bluetooth, a four-speaker audio system, USB ports, and Apple CarPlay and Android Auto smartphone compatibility are standard. Shoppers considering the LX and EX trims will find a 6-speaker audio system. The top-trim SX has an 8-speaker Harman Kardon audio system.

The Sedona SX has a few exclusive features, including an 8-inch touch-screen display, navigation, and a CD player. A third-row USB port is available on the EX and standard with the SX. Wireless phone charging is standard with the EX and SX trims.

L – From $28,485

Kia equips the Sedona L with automatic projection headlamps, manual sliding doors, 17-inch alloy wheels, and a rear spoiler. Inside, the seats are covered in cloth. The L trim has seven-passenger seating as it has middle-row captain’s chairs. Other standard equipment includes full power accessories, a tilt-and-telescopic steering column, air conditioning, and vanity lighting.

LX – From $31,245

Power-sliding passenger doors and rear privacy glass arrive at the LX level. Inside, 8-passenger seating is standard. A power driver’s seat with power lumbar support is included. The Sedona LX has a six-speaker audio system.

EX – From $34,545

The Sedona EX has many of the features customers want in a minivan. Given its price point, its the value leader in this segment.

Standard exterior equipment includes 18-inch alloy wheels, and silver-painted roof rails. Available options include projection fog lights, a power sunroof, a power tailgate, and power-folding and heated side mirrors. Inside, the EX has leather-covered seats, heated front seats, and a leather-wrapped steering wheel. A dual glove box with illumination and second- and third-row sunshade screens are standard.

An available rear entertainment system adds dual screens along with DVD and device mirroring capability.

SX – From $42,345

The top-trim SX features full LED lighting, including LED fog lights and positioning lights. Other standard features include chrome trim, power-folding and heated side mirrors, and a sunroof.

Inside, the SX features metal grain trim, an illuminated dual glove box with cooling, and a 115-volt inverter. Power second-row passenger windows and the full list of tech and safety features rolls out here too.

Parting Thoughts

The Sedona EX offers the best value for the money. An available EX Premium Package brings in many of the amenities from the SX, and with manufacturer discounting much of your extra cost should be covered.

2020 Kia Sedona Specifications

Kia	2020 Sedona
Segment	Minivan or Multipurpose Vehicle
Price Range	$27,200 to $41,300
Destination Charge	$1,045
Standard Engine	3.3-liter, V6
Horsepower	276 hp @ 6,000 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	248 lb.-ft. @ 5,200 rpm
Transmission	8-speed automatic
Seating	7 to 8
Curb Weight (pounds)	4,411 to 4,736
Wheelbase (inches)	120.5
Length (inches)	201.4
Width (inches)	89.3
Height (inches)	68.5
Head room (f,r…inches)	39.8, 39.4, 38.9
Leg room (f,r…inches)	40.9, 41.1, 34.8
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	63.9, 63.1, 59.4
Hip room (f,r…inches)	59.3, 66.1, 50.0
Storage (cubic feet)	33.9, 78.4, 142.0
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	6,085
Towing (pounds)	3,500
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	21.1
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	18/24/21
Manufacturing Plant	West Point, Georgia

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

See Also — At a Glance: 2019 Kia K900

Photo copyright Kia Motors.

Buying Guide:
2020 Jeep Grand Cherokee

November 18, 2019 by admin Leave a Comment

Jeep’s Grand Cherokee soldiers on in top form.

If you’re shopping for a new SUV, particularly one in the midsize arena with room for five, then the Jeep Grand Cherokee should be on your list. This popular and versatile model comes in a variety of packages, with its performance ranging from mild to wild. The cost spread from the base model to the fully-loaded track version can span $70,000.

What’s New for 2020

Now in its tenth year, the current-generation Jeep Grand Cherokee soldiers on mostly with equipment and trim-level upgrades. An expanded roster of driver-assist features, new wheel designs, and a newly available lighting group round out the changes.

Selecting Your Grand Cherokee

No other midsize SUV offers as many trim levels as does the Jeep Grand Cherokee. This model’s seven trims are comprised of Laredo, Limited, Trailhawk, Overland, Summit, SRT, and Trackhawk. Prices including destination range from $33,540 for a Laredo 4×2 to $88,395 for the four-wheel-drive Trackhawk.

Four Engine Choices

Just as the Grand Cherokee offers a slew of trims, you’ll also find four engine choices. All four work with an 8-speed automatic transmission with power routed to the rear or all four wheels.

The standard engine is a V6 displacing 3.6 liters. This engine puts down 295 horsepower and 260 pound-feet of torque. A 5.7-liter V8 engine makes 360 horsepower and 390 pound-feet of torque.

The next two engines are exclusive to their respective trims. The SRT trim has the 6.4-liter V8 engine making an even 470 horsepower and 470 pound-feet of torque. The range-topping Trackhawk shares its 6.2-liter supercharged V8 engine with the Dodge Charger and Challenger Hellcat models. In the Grand Cherokee, it produces 707 horsepower and 645 pound-feet of torque.

As for towing, the standard model pulls up to 6,200 pounds, while all others have a 7,200-pound tow rating.

Passenger and Cargo Capacity

The Jeep Grand Cherokee is a five-passenger midsize sport utility vehicle. The passengers sit in comfort with ample head, shoulder, hip, and legroom front and back.

Cargo space measures 36.3 cubic feet behind the second row. Drop down the rear seat and storage capacity is 68.3 cubic feet. This places the Grand Cherokee squarely between the Ford Edge and Chevrolet Blazer, and just ahead of the Nissan Murano.

Key Safety Features

The Grand Cherokee trails most of its competitors in advanced safety equipment. That said, blind-spot monitoring and a rear parking assist system are standard. Forward collision warning with active braking is included beginning with the Summit trim and available elsewhere except with the standard trim. Lane departure warning, advanced brake assist, and enhanced forward-collision warning are a package upgrade.

Connectivity

Jeep equips the Grand Cherokee with a 7-inch color display, a six-speaker audio system, and two USB ports. An 8.4-inch display screen is available with the Laredo and standard elsewhere. Satellite radio, additional USB ports, and navigation are available. A Blu-Ray entertainment system is available on all but the base model. Apple CarPlay and Android Auto smartphone compatibility are standard.

Laredo – From $33,540

The standard Laredo has average equipment including automatic headlamps, fog lamps, and 17-inch silver aluminum wheels. Cloth seats, a tilt-and-telescopic steering column, and dual-zone climate control are also standard.

The interior of the 2020 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited.

Limited – From $41,350

Most shoppers will begin their search with the Limited as it adds amenities not found or charged extra in the Laredo. Fine leather, wood and metal trim give this model a premium look, allowing it to punch well above its weight. Alloy wheels, a power liftgate, a heated steering wheel, heated front seats, a traction management system, and a 115-volt power outlet are included. Limited shoppers may also opt for the 5.7-liter V8 engine.

Trailhawk – From $46,450

As the name suggests, the Trailhawk adds equipment suitable for off-roading, including an air suspension system and rear load-leveling. Power-folding and heated side mirrors, a roof rack, all-terrain tires, and a nine-speaker Alpine audio system are included. The seats are covered in leather and suede material.

Overland – From $47,040

The Overland trim is just $590 more than the Trailhawk as it exchanges some of the off-road features of the Trailhawk for luxury amenities. This model includes bi-xenon high-intensity discharged headlamps, LED daytime running lights, LED fog lights, a panoramic sunroof, and upgraded leather seating.

Summit – From $53,490

The top-trim outside of the performance models is the Summit and bright exterior embellishments is one of its hallmarks. Upgraded LED fog lights, performance all-season tires, unique leather seats, and a 19-speaker Harman Kardon audio system are included.

SRT – From $69,890

Until the Trackhawk’s arrival, the SRT served as the performance topper for the Grand Cherokee. It is still a powerful model and like the Trailhawk it is four-wheel-drive-only. A traction management system, active damping, and a track-ready four-wheel-drive system are included. Special wheels and performance tires are also standard. An exclusive grade of leather covers the seats.

Trackhawk – From $88,395

The range-topping Trackhawk brings in elements from Dodge Hellcat models, in particular, a supercharged engine. It features gloss black trim, black-satin tires, open-poor wood trim, unique color offerings, and Nappa leather.

Parting Thoughts

Grand Cherokee pricing can get out of hand quickly. A Trackhawk can top $100,000, which is absurd. The good news is that you’ll probably pay about half that with a nicely equipped four-wheel-drive Overland.

2020 Jeep Grand Cherokee Specifications

Jeep	2020 Grand Cherokee
Segment	Midsize SUV
Price Range	$32,045 to $86,900
Destination Charge	$1,495
Engine No. 1	3.6-liter, V6
Horsepower	295 @ 6,400 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	260 @ 4,000 rpm
Transmission	8-speed automatic
Engine No. 2	5.7-liter, V8
Horsepower	360 @ 5,150
Torque (lb.-ft.)	390 @ 4,250 rpm
Transmission	8-speed automatic
Engine No. 3	6.4-liter, V8
Horsepower	475 @ 6,000 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	470 @ 4,300 rpm
Transmission	8-speed automatic
Engine No. 4	6.2-liter, Supercharged V8
Horsepower	707 @ 6,000 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	645 @ 4,800 rpm
Transmission	8-speed automatic
Seating	5
Curb Weight (pounds)	4,513 to 5,356
Wheelbase (inches)	114.7
Length (inches)	189.8
Width (inches)	84.8
Height (inches)	69.3
Headroom (f,r…inches)	39.9, 39.2
Legroom (f,r…inches)	40.3, 38.6
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	58.7, 58.0
Hip room (f,r…inches)	57.0, 56.2
Storage (cubic feet)	36.3, 140.5
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	6,500 to 6,800
Towing (pounds)	6,200 to 7,200
Payload (pounds)	1,120 to 1,410
Fuel	Regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	24.6
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	19/26/21(2WD) 18/25/21(4WD): V6
Manufacturing Plant	Detroit, Michigan

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

See Also — The Incomparable Jeep Cherokee

Photos copyright Fiat Chrysler Automobiles.

Tiny or Small? Your Choice:
Chevrolet Spark or Chevrolet Sonic.

November 15, 2019 by admin Leave a Comment

Chevrolet’s smallest model is this Spark hatchback,
which is imported from South Korea and priced $15,000.

The new vehicle market has certainly turned as consumers are shopping for crossovers and trucks in far greater numbers than they are for cars. Indeed, approximately seven in 10 new passenger vehicle sales are categorized as light trucks (SUVs, vans, and pickups), according to the Auto Alliance.

But what if you want a car, especially a small one with great gas mileage and at a decent price? After all, not everyone can afford a $30,000 crossover and the added fuel, maintenance, and insurance costs that go with them. Happily, small car choices abound, particularly with the foreign manufacturers who remain committed to the segment. Chevrolet still has a stake there too, although they’ve discontinued the compact Cruze.

Among small Chevy car models you’ll still find two products: the tiny Spark and the subcompact Sonic. What’s significant about both is that you can buy well-equipped versions of each for under $20,000 which places these two cars in more buyer’s budgets.

Here’s what we put together to help you decide between these two Chevy models:

Size Separation

No doubt, the Spark and Sonic are small, perhaps too small for some. But for first-time car shoppers and city dwellers, both vehicles may be ideal. Moreover, they’re small enough to fit in tight places, such as when parallel parking on city streets.

The point of separation between the two is just 5.5 inches from axle to axle with the Spark measuring 93.9 inches long to the Sonic’s 99.4 inches. The overall length difference is much more noticeable with a 16-inch separation between the two (30 inches when comparing the Spark to the Sonic sedan).

Interior Space

Both models seat four although on paper the Sonic is rated for five. The layout of both cabins offer plenty of room in the first row, but tight quarters in the second row. Rear legroom differences are negligible with the Spark measuring 33.0 inches to the Sonic’s 34.6 inches. Still, that’s not much room for adults, so consider that space ideal for youngsters.

Storage space is an issue with the Spark as it measures just 11.1 cubic feet behind the rear seat. We think most buyers will keep the rear seat folded, which delivers an adequate 27.2 cubic feet of storage capacity. As for the Sonic sedan, its trunk is within the range of some midsize models with 14.9 cubic feet available. The hatchback delivers 19.0/47.7 cubic feet.

Chevrolet offers the compact Sonic in sedan and hatchback body styles.

That’s Infotainment!

We’re a fan of Chevrolet’s infotainment system, especially as reviewed in other vehicles. Happily, Chevrolet equips both models similarly which means they have 7-inch display screens.

And not only that, but you’ll find Apple CarPlay and Android Auto smartphone compatibility, Bluetooth, a Wi-Fi hotspot, and two USB ports. The Spark has a 4-speaker (six speakers available) audio system, while the Sonic delivers six speakers.

Both models offer driver-assist safety features. The Spark comes with lane departure warning, forward collision warning, low-speed automatic emergency braking, and rear parking sensors. The Sonic offers these features too, except for the low-speed braking.

Power Up

Both models utilize a 1.4-liter four-cylinder engine, but there is a difference in how the engine is delivered. In the Spark, the engine is naturally aspirated, while in the Sonic it is turbocharged, which gives this model an extra 30 percent power to work with. The Sonic also does a better job with sound deadening as the Spark is noisy.

The Chevy Spark routes power to the front wheels with a 5-speed manual gearbox or with a continuously variable transmission. As for the Chevy Sonic, power travels to the front wheels with a six-speed automatic transmission. Sadly, the previously available six-speed manual is no longer offered.

As for fuel economy, the Spark is the clear winner as you should average about 33 mpg. Drive a Sonic and your combined fuel economy is 29 mpg.

Price Considerations

If you’re keen on holding your price down, then we have good news: you can drive away with a new Chevrolet for less than $20,000 perhaps as low as $15,000 if you’re willing to make some sacrifices.

The base Spark is the clear winner, with its starting price including destination coming in at about $14,100 to the Sonic sedan’s $17,600. The hatchback costs $2,700 more, which is due in part to the reason you can no longer get the base LS trim found with the sedan.

It’s the Little Things

If size matters, then the Spark or Sonic may be ideal for you (or not). When cross-shopping these two, the Fiat 500 and the now-retired Smart ForTwo and Scion iQ are its main competitors. As for the Sonic, the Ford Fiesta, Hyundai Accent, Kia Rio, and Honda Fit are models to consider.

Oddly, Chevrolet no longer offers a compact Cruze, which means the next car model size to consider is the midsize Malibu sedan. If a crossover is on your list, the small Trax carries a similar starting price point as the Sonic hatchback.

2020 Chevrolet Spark Specifications

Chevrolet	2020 Spark
Segment	Tiny Car
Price Range	$13,220 to $18,595
Destination Charge	$875
Standard Engine	1.4-liter, I4
Horsepower	98 hp @ 6,200 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	94 lb.-ft. @ 4,400 rpm
Transmission	Five-speed manual or CVT
Seating	4
Curb Weight (pounds)	2,246 to 2,312
Wheelbase (inches)	93.9
Length (inches)	143.1
Width (inches)	62.8
Height (inches)	58.4 or 58.76
Headroom (f,r…inches)	39.0, 37.0
Legroom (f,r…inches)	41.7, 33.0
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	50.8, 49.8
Hip room (f,r…inches)	48.2, 48.0
Storage (cubic feet)	11.1, 27.2
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	NR
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	9
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	30/38/33
Manufacturing Plant	Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

See Also — New Ride: 2012 Chevrolet Sonic

2020 Chevrolet Sonic Specifications

Chevrolet	2020 Sonic
Segment	Subcompact Car
Price Range	From $16,720 (sedan); $19,720 (hatchback)
Destination Charge	$875
Standard Engine	1.4-liter, turbo I4
Horsepower	138 hp @ 4,900 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	148 lb.-ft. @ 2,500 (man.) 1,850 (auto) rpm
Transmission	Six-speed automatic
Seating	5
Curb Weight (pounds)	2,857 to 2,921
Wheelbase (inches)	99.4
Length (inches)	173.9 (sedan) 159.8 (hatchback)
Width (inches)	68.3
Height (inches)	59.7 or 59.3
Headroom, sedan (f,r…inches)	38.7, 37.8
Legroom (f,r…inches)	41.8, 34.6
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	53.4, 53.0
Hip room (f,r…inches)	51.4, 51.6
Storage (cubic feet)	14.9 (sedan); 19.0/47.7 (hatchback)
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	NR
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	12.2
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	26/34/29
Manufacturing Plant	Orion Township, Michigan

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

See Also — About the 2019 Chevrolet Volt

Photos copyright GM Corp.

7 Facts About the 2020 Nissan Armada

November 12, 2019 by admin 1 Comment

It can be easy to overlook the Nissan Armada, especially if you’re shopping for a full-size SUV from Chevrolet, Ford or GMC. Like the Toyota Sequoia, the Nissan Armada is another choice that’s worth your consideration. The Armada and its competitors are truck-based utility vehicles, which means that payload and towing are among its strong suits.

The 2020 Armada offers a traditional look with an upscale vibe.

Here are the important facts about the 2020 Nissan Armada:

1. Powerful engine.

Motivating this big Nissan is a 5.6-liter V8 engine. This “Endurance” powerplant makes 390 horsepower and 394 pound-feet of torque. It also powers the Nissan Titan pickup truck. A 7-speed automatic transmission routes power to the rear wheels or all four wheels with models equipped with four-wheel drive.

2. Noteworthy payload and towing.

Big SUVs are prizes for both their superior payload and towing capacities. Regarding payload, this model is rated up to 1,743 pounds. As for towing, it has a pull rating of up to 8,500 pounds, which easily bests the Sequoia’s 7,400-pound limit.

3. As thirsty as they come.

If there is a downside to the 2020 Armada, then that would be its fuel economy. This SUV makes 13 mpg in the city and 18 mpg on the highway for a combined 15 mpg. Choose the two-wheel drive and your numbers are 1 mpg better. A similarly equipped Chevrolet Tahoe earns 17 mpg, therefore the differences are small. For that matter, all models in this segment average around 15-16 mpg.

4. Full-size interior.

If you need a big interior, the Armada shines. This SUV seats seven or eight, with ample room in the first two rows. However, if you need more legroom in the third row, the Nissan Pathfinder offers slightly more space.

5. Not quite luxury, but almost.

Credit Nissan with dressing the Armada to compete. Only the base SV trim has cloth seats as every other Armada has leather-wrapped seats. Lots of soft-touch materials, imitation wood, and chrome accents abound, which give this SUV a cut-above look. In Platinum trim, the Armada includes cushiony leather inserts on the doors. Opt for the second-row captain’s chairs as they’re almost as comfortable as the front seats. They also come heated with the Platinum trim.

6. Generous tech features.

Nissan equips the 2020 Armada with an 8-inch touch-screen display, navigation, and a 13-speaker Bose audio system. That’s an impressive package for a mainstream SUV. Nissan includes satellite radio, HD Radio, Bluetooth, and four USB ports. You’ll even find a CD player! Make your way up the trim range and you’ll find an additional USB port and a three-zone entertainment system with dual 8-inch monitors to keep your second- and third-row passengers entertained.

7. Safety features galore.

Manufacturers understand that consumers want advanced safety tech. Nissan responds by including forward collision warning, adaptive cruise control, and automatic emergency braking. Lane intervention, blind-spot warning and intervention, and lane departure warning are also included. Automatic emergency braking is available.

Nissan Armada Parting Thoughts

Nissan offers the 2020 Armada in SV, SL, Platinum and Platinum Reserve trims. It is a well-equipped vehicle for the money. Even the base trim offers a decent starting point which means that a four-wheel-drive Armada can be had for about $50,000. Compare this model to the Chevrolet Tahoe, Ford Expedition, and the GMC Yukon.

2020 Nissan Armada Specifications

Nissan	2020 Armada
Segment	Large SUV
Price Range	From $$47,100 to $68,030
Destination Charge	$1,395
Standard Engine	5.6-liter, V8
Horsepower	390 hp @ 5,800 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	394 lb.-ft. @ 4,000 rpm
Transmission	7-speed automatic
Seating	7 or 8
Curb Weight (pounds)	5,577 to 5,958
Wheelbase (inches)	121.1
Length (inches)	208.9
Width (inches)	79.9
Height (inches)	75.8
Headroom (f,r…inches)	40.9, 40.0, 36.4
Legroom (f,r…inches)	41.9, 41.0, 28.4
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	63.8, 63.4, 60.5
Hip room (f,r…inches)	59.2, 58.4, 48.8
Storage (cubic feet)	16.5, 49.9, 95.4
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	7,300 to 7,500
Towing (pounds)	8,500
Payload (pounds)	1,542 to 1,723
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	26.0
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	14/19/16 (2WD); 13/18/15 (4WD)
Manufacturing Plant	Kyushu, Japan

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

See Also — Nissan Armada Reprise, Platinum Style

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