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ENGINE KNOCK

Gasoline Fuel Choices for Today’s Cars

November 26, 2014 by admin 3 Comments

Buy a new car, especially one that requires gasoline, and you may soon find that the grade of gasoline you thought it should take is not the correct one.

Most service station pumps offer three grades of gasoline with octane ratings of 86 to 87 (regular), 89 (mid grade) and 91 to 93 for premium. The price spread between the lowest and highest grades is as much as 50 cents, making for quite a price difference if you have a gas tank of 15 to 20 gallons or more.

What grade gasoline should you use? Only what the owner’s manual tells you to use. The car manufacturer is the only source for determining the right grade, what must be followed if you want to avoid engine damage and voiding your warranty.

Like all gasoline-powered Jaguars, this one requires premium grade gasoline.
Like all gasoline-powered Jaguars, this one requires premium grade gasoline.

What is Octane?

Octane indicates a fuel’s ability to resist engine knock. If the octane is not high enough, then the engine will not be able to handle the heat and pressure.

When driving, this problem becomes apparent if you hear the engine pinging, rattling or knocking. Constant engine knock can damage the engine’s pistons, bearings and head gaskets, causing engine damage. Are you prepared to pay thousands of dollars in repairs?

6.2-liter Supercharged LSA engine
Supercharged or turbocharged, premium fuel is required.

Recommended Versus Required Grades

The manufacturer’s language for the octane or gasoline grade used will typically state words such as “recommended” or “required.”

If a certain grade of gasoline is recommended, that means you can use whatever grade you want. A recommended higher grade gasoline may deliver slightly improved performance, but the lower grade is still safe to use.

When a certain grade is required, then you must use it. Typically, this requirement is for turbocharged or supercharged vehicles that must take premium grade gasoline as these engines operate at higher compression ratios.

Other vehicles that take a lower grade under normal circumstances may require a higher grade when towing. Again, consult your owner’s manual.

Knock Protection

Cars built today are outfitted with a knock sensor, what retards ignition that causes knocking. This sensor prevents engine damage, but it also reduces performance and fuel economy slightly.

When the knock sensor fails you will know it — your car will run poorly and the check engine light will activate. Service your car immediately, do not drive it.

Fuel Considerations

Even with the lower recommended gasoline grade some drivers insist on filling their vehicles up with a higher grade, thinking that their cars will perform better. Generally, that is not the case and what you end up with is paying more at the pump than you need to.

Count the Subaru WRX among those models needing a premium boost.
Count the Subaru WRX among those models needing a premium boost.

List of Vehicles Requiring Premium Grade Gasoline

Auto Trends regularly evaluates new models, testing at least one new vehicle each week. The following is a sample list of current 2015 vehicles that require premium grade gasoline, including some that we’ve tested:

Acura — all models.

Audi — all models powered by gasoline engines.

BMW — all models.

Cadillac CTS — 6.2-liter V-8 engine.

Cadillac ELR

Chevrolet Camaro — 6.2- and 7.0-liter V-8 engines only.
Chevrolet Corvette
Chevrolet Volt

Chrysler 300C — equipped with 6.4-liter V-8 engine.

Dodge Challenger — equipped with V-8 engines.
Dodge Dart Aero

Ford Mustang — Equipped with 5.8-liter V-8 engine.

Honda Civic — Equipped with 2.4-liter four-cylinder engine.

Hyundai Equus
Hyundai Genesis Coupe
Hyundai Genesis Sedan —5.0-liter V-8 engine only.

Infiniti — all models except for the Q60 hybrid.

Jaguar — all models.

Kia K900

Lexus GS 350
Lexus GS 450h
Lexus GX 460
Lexus IS 250
Lexus IS 350
Lexus LX 570
Lexus RC 350
Lexus RX 450h

Mazda MX-5

Mercedes-Benz — all models powered by gasoline engines.

Nissan 370Z
Nissan GT-R

Smart Fortwo

Subaru BRZ
Subaru Forester — with 2.0-liter engine only.
Subaru WRX — all models.

Again, this is not a complete list. Consult your owner’s manual and take notice of the placard next to your gas tank filler neck.

See Also — Corvette Counterpart: 2016 Chevrolet Camaro SS

Filed Under: Special Tagged With: CADILLAC, ENGINE DAMAGE, ENGINE KNOCK, FUEL, JAGUAR, LUXURY CARS, PREMIUM GRADE GASOLINE

Turbocharged Engines & Premium Fuel

March 10, 2010 by admin 1 Comment

Many of today’s automotive engines are complex, as they incorporate sophisticated technologies such as direct injection and turbochargers to squeeze more power and deliver better fuel efficiency from a smaller engine. Your engine may “prefer” premium fuel in order to run efficiently, but in some cases, premium fuel may be a manufacturer’s requirement.

Octane Choices

Regular or Premium?Generally, two grades of unleaded fuel are sold across the US: regular and unleaded. Regular typically produces 86 or 87 octane, while premium typically delivers 91 to 93 octane. Some gas stations sell a mid-grade blend returning 89 octane, while a few stations sell a super premium octane blend above 93 octane.

Cost Differential

Premium gas also carries with it a premium price, usually costing twenty-five to fifty cents more than regular grade gas. That said, letting cost alone determine the best grade of gas for your car is a mistake.

Fuel Performance

The higher the octane, the more efficient some engines run. Most late model cars can run on regular fuel just fine, but a loss of performance versus premium fuel is often the case. You’ll notice a difference when going from zero to sixty as your time may be off by several tenths of a second when using a lower grade.

Engine Knock

Late model cars come equipped with knock sensors to eliminate engine knock. If your engine knocks, a higher grade of gas may be needed otherwise damage could set in. Pinging and knocking should always be taken seriously.

Manufacturer Guidance

Regardless of what anyone says, follow your manufacturer’s requirements when it comes to fueling your car. If your owner’s manual says that premium fuel is required, then only use that fuel. If it says that it is recommended, then you can use a lower grade.

Again, the difference here is between what is required and what is recommended—read your owner’s manual carefully because you don’t want to do something wrong by damaging your engine and perhaps voiding your warranty!

Reference

Edmunds.com:  Do You Really Need Premium?


See Also — Gasoline Fuel Choices for Today’s Cars

Filed Under: Commentary Tagged With: ENGINE KNOCK, FUEL PERFORMANCE, MANUFACTURER GUIDANCE, OCTANE, PREMIUM FUEL, REGULAR GAS, TURBOCHARGED ENGINES

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