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Amped Up With a 2018 Nissan Leaf

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Second-generation Nissan Leaf takes a big leap forward.

2018 Nissan Leaf
Electric vehicle deep dive: 552 miles and about a dozen charging station
connections with the all-new 2018 Nissan Leaf EV.

How do you improve the world’s most popular electric car? For starters, you rethink everything, from exterior styling to interior comfort as well as from charging to acceleration and beyond.

That’s exactly what Nissan has done with the 2018 Leaf, a four-door hatchback with an EPA-estimated 151-mile range, improved power and expanded driver-assist features. Nissan recently supplied a 2018 Leaf SL for my review, the top-of-the-line model for this five-passenger, front-wheel-drive compact EV.

2018 Nissan Leaf: Prices and Incentives

Nissan offers the 2018 Leaf in three trims: S ($29,990), SV ($32,490) and SL ($36,200). Add $885 for the destination and handling charge.

Most buyers may also find they’re eligible for a $7,500 federal tax credit. Although this credit doesn’t lower the cost of the vehicle, it can reduce your tax obligation. In effect, you’d save that money when filing your taxes.

Some states provide an additional incentive on top of the federal credit. For instance, California has a $2,500 rebate on the 2018 Nissan Leaf. Combined with the federal credit, your cost for this electric car would come in around $20,000, plus destination, taxes and fees. In Connecticut, the rebate is for up to $3,000, while in Colorado you can find savings of up to $5,000.

Other incentives, depending on your state, include no-charge high occupancy vehicle (HOV) access, exemption from state sales or use tax or a rebate for the purchase and installation of a Level 2 charger. Your state’s Department of Transportation should have current information.

Nissan Leafs
Generation Two (L) and Generation One (R) Nissan Leafs.

Exterior Style

Some people love the look of electric vehicles, while others hate them. There may be a middle ground between the two, but you’ll find most people occupy the polar extremes.

The 2018 Nissan Leaf delivers a clean departure from the first-generation model, which looked a lot like a traditional EV. The original had a bubble-shaped body, exaggerated headlamps and long, vertical tail lamps.

See Also — Longer Range Nissan Leaf Debuts at CES

The latest version brings in a look that is familiar to Nissan faithful, beginning with its V-motion (horse collar) grille, upswept beltline, floating roof and boomerang tail lamps. It is sized like a Sentra and styled like a Maxima, the latter Nissan’s flagship sedan.

Standard features include halogen headlights, power side mirrors, LED tail lights, a rear spoiler and 16-inch steel wheels. Among the upgrades, you’ll find automatic LED headlights, fog lamps, heated side mirrors and 17-inch aluminum-alloy wheels.

Interior Highlights

Nissan says the 2018 Leaf seats five, but four is more like it. The drivetrain hump is quite pronounced in this compact model, rendering the rear middle seat uncomfortable for many. Although the Leaf is front-wheel drive, the hump connects the lithium-ion battery to the front axle.

The 2018 Leaf supplies a driver-centric cabin with ample soft-touch and suede-like materials throughout. Cloth seats come standard; the SL trim has leather seats. The 60/40 split fold-down rear seat allows for a modest expansion of storage space from 23.6 to 30.0 cubic feet.

Standard equipment includes a tilt steering column, power windows and door locks, and air conditioning. Also available are heated front seats, a heated steering wheel, a power driver’s seat with lumbar support, an automatic dimming rearview mirror and a cargo cover.

2018 Nissan Leaf
The 2018 Leaf incorporates design elements from other Nissan models.

Safety Overview

You’d expect the all-new Nissan Leaf to come with advanced safety features, given its cutting-edge electrification technology. Happily, Nissan doesn’t disappoint.

For starters, you’ll find such features as hill start assist, which most people know is useful when idling on an incline, such as waiting for a traffic light to turn green or for safety crossing a stop sign-controlled intersection.

Enhanced safety technology available except on the base trim.

The 2018 Leaf comes with active trace control, what delivers automatic braking on twisty roads. This particular chassis control system apparently doesn’t wear the brakes out much faster as it is seldom used. Consider it a type of drive management insurance policy when tackling tough corners.

You’ll also find on some models automatic emergency braking with pedestrian detection, lane intervention and blind spot detection with rear cross-traffic alert. On the upper trim models, Nissan offers a Technology Package that adds ProPILOT Assist, what combines adaptive cruise control with automatic braking. It is a two-button process that will, when activated, supply ideal separation between vehicles at all times.

Driving Impressions and More

Thumb’s up to Nissan for developing an electric vehicle that’s fun to drive and quick when it needs to be. I’m not as familiar with the first-generation Nissan Leaf as well as I would like — a quick spin around a few blocks in downtown Raleigh during summer 2011 didn’t shed enough light on what this model is about.

But *this* story is written about a vehicle with a larger electric battery and a longer range. The 2018 Nissan Leaf makes 147 horsepower and 236 pound-feet of torque. Furthermore, its range — perhaps the most important number associated with an electric vehicle is 151 miles. That’s a 41-percent improvement over the previous 107-mile range.

2018 Nissan Leaf
Level 3 connection (L), Level 2 connection (R).

Range anxiety? It isn’t completely gone. Rather, it is more manageable.

Like any electric vehicle, turning it on means depressing the brake pedal and pushing a button, followed by silence. Nissan, though, makes it easy to understand when the Leaf is on — the instrument panel lights up.

Next, disengage the parking brake and move the round transmission lever to the proper direction. Shift left and up to go in reverse. Shift left and down to go into drive.

You can also shift left and stay in B or brake mode, ideal for when you’re driving down hills. What this does is maximize regenerative braking, thereby feeding more electricity to the battery pack and extending vehicle range. For maximum efficiency for all other times, switch to eco mode, use cruise control as much as possible and stay within the speed limit.

Of course, what you may want to test is this vehicle’s performance. Electric cars have a stellar record for quickness, although the strongest models are those with the largest battery packs, such as the Tesla Model S. That said, if you need to gun the accelerator, the Leaf responds immediately. Its 0-60 mph time is okay — approximately eight seconds. When passing, you’ll find ample torque at the ready — this is where the Leaf shines.

As for steering, I found its surprisingly weighty. Its handling is about average — you won’t carve corners, but you should feel in control. Braking is firmer than I had expected — the squishy feel when you apply the brakes in a hybrid doesn’t apply here. Moreover, you don’t need to use the brake most of the time especially when e-pedal is engaged. What this system does is it supplies automatic braking when you release the accelerator. Nissan says it doesn’t wear out the brakes faster. Yes, you’ll still need to brake under certain circumstances.

Caution when leaning on the charging network

If you haven’t yet figured it out, the Nissan Leaf succeeds or fails based in part on charging and the availability of the same. Sure, home charging is the way to go, but an upgrade to a Level 2 charger is mandatory, especially when the battery is almost depleted.

Level 3 charging station
What your Nissan dealer’s Level 3 charger looks like.

With a Level 2 charger, you can replenish the battery in seven or eight hours. Better yet, making a connection with a Level 3 charger will bring the battery to 80-percent capacity within 40 minutes. You can achieve the latter at some public charge stations, but very few.

The national charging network is fragmented, with several companies supplying charge units. Some units are located on public property, such as at a library, college or town parking lot. Others are found at large businesses and may not be accessible by everyone. Still more can be found at Nissan dealers.

In any case, Nissan also offers “No Charge to Charge” — a program that supplies new LEAF buyers or lessees with 30 minutes of free charging at participating DC fast charging stations and 60 minutes of free charging on participating Level 2 stations for two years from their time of purchase.

By using an EZ-Charge card you can utilize multiple networks — Aerovironment, Blink, ChargePoint, Greenlots, JNSH, and EVgo. Yes, there are Android and iPhone apps for that. You can find a local charge station by visiting this page: https://www.ez-charge.com/stations/

Not a Match: Select Eaton Charge Stations

My initial attempt to find a reliable public charging place was thwarted when I discovered the Eaton units I had used previously at Central Carolina Community College in Pittsboro were not compatible with the Nissan Leaf.

Yes, I had connected previously with other models — each one a plug-in hybrid (PHEV) — but this time the units didn’t work. After careful research, I discovered the earlier Nissan Leafs worked fine, but beginning in 2013 a software change made the connection difficult, if not impossible.

Fortunately, Nissan makes it easy to find another station through its media hub. You can also use the app. In any case, with just 35 miles of range left, I was happy to find a new station just five miles away. I drove there, made a connection and once I topped 50 miles, I disconnected to head back home.

But I didn’t go straight home. Instead, I visited my local dealer, Leith Nissan, where I connected to a Level 3 charger. In just over an hour, I went from 30 miles of range to 156 miles, driving home with the battery at 98-percent capacity.

2018 Nissan Leaf
A lakeside pose before pollen ravaged the Nissan Leaf’s exterior.

Parting Thoughts: Nissan Leaf

The all-new Nissan Leaf will satisfy most current electric vehicle owners, particularly for its extended range. As for people considering their first electric vehicle, whether a 2018 Nissan Leaf or some other model, there are a few things to consider.

1. Your driving habits.

An EV may fit your lifestyle if you drive well below the vehicle’s estimated electric range. The range can vary, depending on the air temperature, road conditions and the way you drive. On one extended trip, I had 77 miles of battery life and 62 miles to go with two of us in the car. We didn’t make it. Instead, I was forced to stop, make a temporary charge at a 110-volt outlet before heading to a Level 2 charger for faster replenishment. I blame strong headwinds for the reduced performance as a cold front was pushing in.

2. Your area’s charging network.

Buy an EV and plan to have a Level 2 charger installed at home. Have one in place before you make your purchase. Bring your Leaf to a full charge at home before heading out for the day. Know your local charge station stops and never be surprised to find that a), the station isn’t working; b), it is currently occupied by another EV; or c), an ICE (internal combustion engine) vehicle may be occupying the spot. I’ve encountered all three situations — this kind of delay can be very frustrating, but shouldn’t be unexpected. A bonus for anyone whose employer supplies a charge station at work.

3. Expect the unexpected.

Although range anxiety is reduced with the new Leaf, it never quite goes away. This is especially so if you go outside of your familiar environment, relying on far-flung stations outside of major population centers. I give Nissan big credit for offering EVs to journalists to drive where they live. What I learned is that you need to make a plan, have a backup and then a backup to the backup. The downloadable E-Z Charge app is a big help as it shares comments from other users. Although they’re largely committed to electrification, they’re brutally honest about what they encounter when charging.

If you’re able to manage these three considerations, then an EV may be right for you. Another point to consider is this: once the population buys more EVs, will the charging network expand with it? That’s a big concern in my area, as some stations have shut down, others are behind on maintenance and the miles between available stations is simply too far.

2018 Nissan Leaf
The rear look at the top-of-the-line SL trim.

2018 Nissan Leaf

  • Sticker price from $29,900 (plus $885 destination fee)
  • Price as tested: $37,085
  • Seats 5 passengers
  • High-response 110-kW AC synchronous electric motor
  • 40-kWh laminated lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, 192 cells
  • 147 horsepower @ 3,282 ≈ 9,795 RPM
  • 236 foot-pounds of torque @ 0 ≈ 4,800 RPM
  • Single speed reducer automatic transmission
  • Wheelbase: 106.3 inches
  • Length: 176.4 inches
  • Width: 70.5 inches
  • Height: 61.4 inches
  • Passenger volume: 92.4 cubic feet
  • Storage volume: 23.6/30.0 cubic feet
  • Towing capacity: NR
  • EPA: 112 mpgE
  • Curb weight: From 3,433 to 3,508 pounds
  • IIHS safety rating: Incomplete
  • Limited (new) vehicle warranty: 36 months/36,000 miles
  • Powertrain warranty: 60 months/60,000 miles
  • Corrosion warranty: 60 months/unlimited miles
  • Vehicle assembly: Smyrna, Tennessee

See Also — Juking With a Nissan NISMO RS

Photos copyright Auto Trends Magazine. All rights reserved.

Performance + Efficiency = 2016 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid

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A modest price premium makes hybrid ownership a solid value proposition.

2016 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid.
2016 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid.

The Toyota RAV4 is a popular compact SUV in its own right and one of the first models in the segment, having launched in 1996.

Now in its fourth generation, the RAV4 has long lacked a hybrid variant, until now. Coinciding with a mid-cycle refresh of the current-generation model, a RAV4 Hybrid is now available and is offered in two premium trim levels: XLE and Limited. Notably it is an all-wheel drive model only; gasoline models offer standard front-wheel drive and available all-wheel drive.

2016 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid Limited

A 2016 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid Limited edition was presented this month, passing through my media fleet. And now for an important disclaimer: my wife leases a 2013 RAV4 XLE and just like the test model it is garbed in a classic silver metallic patina. Her lease will soon be up and she’s likely to opt for another RAV4. Certainly, the hybrid will be considered.

The RAV4 Hybrid now makes seven gasoline-electric hybrid models for Toyota, far more than any other brand. It may seem odd that it took Toyota so long to develop a hybrid variant seeing that the Ford Escape Hybrid was offered a decade ago, although it has been replaced by other models.

Everything about the RAV4 Hybrid is nearly the same as the standard model. Blue background Toyota badging as well as hybrid badging are subtle distinctions. For 2016, all RAV4 models receive an updated front end outfitted with new LED headlamps and daytime running lights. Small changes to the lower rocker panel and rear bumper are also apparent, the latter also receiving new taillights. Further, Toyota replaced the entire wheel lineup and added three new paint schemes.

Toyota also added 55 percent more noise reducing material to the floor along with enhanced seals in an effort to make this the quietest RAV4 to date. Moreover, Toyota added more soft-touch material on the dashboard and door panels, brought in a new sunglasses holder and changed the front cup holders to hold coffee mugs.

Toyota Safety Sense Package

Other improvements for 2016 brought in a Toyota Safety Sense package composed of dynamic radar cruise control, automatic high beams, a pre-collision system with pedestrian detection, and lane departure alert. Changes for the gasoline model include an available 4.2-inch TFT multi-information display situated within the instrument panel and a 7-inch touch screen display located near the top of the center stack. Last, but not least is an available bird’s eye view monitor, utilizing four cameras located on the side mirrors as well as the front and back of the car.

The 2016 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid costs $28,370 for the XLE and $33,610 for the Limited. As tested, my model cost $35,945. These prices compare to $27,670 for the RAV4 all-wheel drive XLE and $32,910 for the all-wheel drive Limited edition.

That makes for a price premium of just $700 for the hybrid which is EPA-rated at a combined (city/highway) 33 mpg compared with the combined 25 for the equivalent gasoline model. Even with gas prices hanging around $2 per gallon, this is one investment that is bound to pay off after several years.

Three Electric Motors

Three electric motors are at work in the RAV4 Hybrid. The first motor or generator starts the engine and charges the hybrid battery. The second generator drives the front wheels and provides regeneration (kinetic energy) during braking. The third generator drives the rear wheels and also supplies kinetic energy when braking. Toyota says the all-wheel drive system in the hybrid provides a larger measure of adaptability when sending power to the wheels. The front wheels are always at work, but power is sent to the rear wheels even before slippage takes place.

As for the battery pack, Toyota utilizes a sealed nickel-metal hydride battery whereas most other hybrids now use lithium-ion or polymer batteries. Likely, the older technology provides cost savings, while maintaining efficiency.

Press lightly on the gas pedal and this SUV moves forward under electric power only. Indeed, you can operate the vehicle in EV mode at speeds under 5 mph, ideal for finding a parking space or when moving cars around at home. You can also choose Eco Mode or Sport mode, the first choice providing unsurpassed efficiency when on the road, the second option provides improved steering and handling characteristics.

More Power, Improved Efficiency

If you think hybrids are slow the RAV4 Hybrid dispels that notion. This SUV delivers a combined 194 horsepower as it uses the same engine (tuned for the Atkinson cycle) found in the standard model and adds the electric motors as needed. That’s an 18 horsepower edge, representing a 10 percent increase in overall power. You’ll notice the difference in several driving situations. I found it especially apparent when entering a highway as well as when I was passing vehicles.

Steering and handling in the RAV4 Hybrid are about what you would expect in this segment. Toyota uses electric power-assisted rack and pinion and supplies a tight turning radius. Helping to bring this vehicle to a stop are power-assisted ventilated disc brakes. The braking feels spongy and may take some familiarization, especially if you’re used to the confident braking feel of standard SUV brakes.

The suspension system is composed of independent MacPherson struts with a stabilizer bar up front and a double wishbone coil spring with a stabilizer bar in the back. For the vast majority of SUV shoppers, the package should suit them fine.

It wasn’t hard to pick out the differences between my wife’s 2013 model and the 2016 hybrid. Being that the model tested was a Limited edition there are a few enhancements over the XLE worth noting.

For instance, the Limited has 18-inch super chrome alloy wheels compared with the 17-inch standard alloy wheels found in the XLE. In both cases, all-season tires are standard.

The Limited also brings in standard LED exterior lighting, chrome outside door handles, and power heated side mirrors with turn signal indicators.

Interior Highlights and Features

Inside, the Limited features a steering wheel wrapped in leather and a leather-trimmed shift lever. On initial inspection you might think that much of the rest of the interior is covered in leather too — seats, door inlays, and the lower dashboard — but that isn’t. Instead, Toyota uses a synthetic leather material called SofTex, what has the look and feel of leather, but holds up better under tough conditions.

Other upgrades bring in heated front seats, an 8-way power driver’s seat with lumbar support, driver seat memory, a blind spot monitor with rear cross traffic alert, and the Toyota Safety Sense package.

Both trims come with a Toyota Entune Audio package with navigation. Siri Eyes Free, HD radio, Bluetooth, satellite radio, and a CD player are included. The Limited edition gets a slightly larger screen and adds an AM/FM cache radio, weather reports, an app suite, and Gracenotes album cover art.

Room for Five

The RAV4 Hybrid offers room for five with a 60-40 split-folding bench seat in the rear. That seat also reclines slightly and the expected center armrest with two cup holders is present. The center position doesn’t have the level of back and posterior padding found elsewhere, so there could be some fighting for seat positioning if you have three people back there.

As for the drink holders, there are 10 present. The front doors have room for two each — a bottle and a can. There are two cup holders between the front seats — one can be found at the base of the center stack, the other is in front of the armrest. Each rear door has a bottle holder and with the two rear seat holders the number is brought to 10.

The center stack is composed of the display screen with switches on both sides to operate same. Beneath that are knobs and switches for the audio system and below that are the driving mode switches, seat heating switches, and auxiliary and USB outlet ports.

Two 12-volt outlets are also present, one is located near the open tray at the base of the stack. The tray is designed to hold your smartphone and is a welcome feature. A third 12-volt outlet is located at the rear of the console unit.

The Storage Compartment

The hybrid’s cargo area is roomy and includes a storage compartment for your tire changing tools. Beneath that sits the hybrid battery.

An under the floor storage area houses the temporary spare. Instead of placing the standard battery under the hood, Toyota locates it to the left of the spare. Four tie down clips, two hooks, and one cargo area light are present. A tonneau cover is extra and a lift gate switch completes the package.

Pick Your Model

I’m convinced the hybrid RAV4 is one worth considering, especially for my own family of four. Given the narrow price difference between gasoline and hybrid models, standard all-wheel drive and the attendant handling advantage along with a 10 percent performance edge, it may be a point you’d be willing to concede.

Other Toyota hybrid models include the vehicle that started it all, the Prius, and two other Prius variants — the subcompact “c” hatchback and the “v” wagon. Hybrids based on the Camry, Avalon, and Highlander are also available.

Lastly, a plug-in Prius variant called the Prius Prime rolls out for 2017. And then there is the Mirai, a fuel-cell electric vehicle representing yet another approach Toyota is taking in its vehicle electrification initiative.

 

2016 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid Limited

 

  • Sticker price from $33,610
  • Price as tested: $35,945
  • Seats 5 occupants
  • 2.5-liter 16-valve four-cylinder gasoline engine
  • 3.54 inches bore by 3.86 inches stroke
  • Engine compression ratio: 12.5-to-1
  • 150 horsepower @ 5,700 RPM
  • 152 foot-pounds of torque @ 4,400 RPM
  • Net 194 horsepower
  • Hybrid battery pack with three electric motors
  • Electronically controlled continuously variable automatic transmission
  • Wheelbase: 104.7 inches
  • Length: 181,1 inches
  • Width: 72.6 inches
  • Height: 65.9 inches
  • Passenger volume: 100.7 cubic feet
  • Towing capacity: 1,750 pounds
  • Payload: 900 pounds
  • EPA: 34 mpg city, 31 mpg highway
  • Regular grade gasoline
  • Fuel tank: 14.8 gallons
  • Curb weight: From 3,950 pounds
  • IIHS safety rating: Top Safety Pick+ (gasoline model)
  • Limited vehicle warranty: 3 years/36,000 miles
  • Powertrain warranty: 5 years/60,000 miles
  • Corrosion warranty: 5 years/unlimited miles
  • Hybrid warranty: 8 years/100,000 miles
  • Vehicle assembly: Obu, Aichi, Japan

See Also — Ford Explorer Platinum Offers Lincoln Touches

2016 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid photos copyright Auto Trends Magazine.

4 Lesser Known Facts About the Tesla Model X

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Tesla Model X (copyright Tesla Motors)
Tesla Model X (copyright Tesla Motors)

The Tesla Model X is a 7-passenger, all-electric sport utility vehicle and has already been deemed the fastest (and cleanest) SUV on the planet. This second model from Tesla Motors (third if you count the limited production/availability Tesla Roadster) was introduced in late September and has promptly gone on sale.

While most of us won’t be able to afford this six-figure SUV even as less costly versions follow next year, we can only dream about owning one or at least seeing its falcon-wing doors in action. Lots of information about the Model X has been dispensed over the past few weeks, including the following lesser known facts.

1. Your Model X may protect you from a bioweapon. Or not.

It has been said that paranoia is a destroyer (with apologies to the Kinks). But what if THEY are really out to get you? Well, Tesla Motors thought about that problem when crafting the Model X.

Specifically, a button located on the dashboard when activated is designed to protect you and your passengers from pollution, viruses and bacteria. Inscribed with the international symbol for biological hazard, medical grade air filters are activated to provide life-saving protection.

But that claim has been disputed with Gizmodo calling out Elon Musk. Although any HEPA filter will protect against bacteria agents such as anthrax or the plague du jour, it won’t stop viruses, which are too small to be caught by such filters. Yes, the Model X’s filters probably do provide hundreds of times the filtering capacity of standard filters, but they’re not perfect. If someone is intent on doing you harm, they will probably find a way even with a variety of aftermarket modifications accomplished.

2. It has fewer parking problems than conventional vehicles. But not in all circumstances.

it happens. You open your car door and you ding the one next to you. If the scratch is minimal, you move on. If you chip the paint and leave behind a dent certain to invite rust, you do your civic duty and leave a note with your insurance information on the windshield of the impacted car, right? Not a chance.

Tesla Motors certainly isn’t interested in being part of a problem, rather they’re interested in solutions. That’s why the falcon-wing doors have been carefully engineered to operate in the tightest places to ensure that you don’t pull off beltline trim or break the door windows of the vehicles next to you when activated. Tesla demonstrated the Model X’s special doors at the Big Reveal with an SUV parked on one side and a minivan on the other side. The doors pulled straight up and only sprouted their “wings” when they were safely above each vehicle’s contact points (see video posted to Popular Mechanics).

Oh, by the way, if you’re concerned that you’ll whack the roof of your garage when opening the doors, don’t worry — the doors are embedded with sensors to detect obstructions. One more thought: the front doors still open the traditional way — so much for parking in tight spaces unless you plan to slip out through the second row.

3. Part sharing for the Model X and Model S ranges from 30 to 60 percent.

Some people are under the impression that the Model X is entirely new from the ground up. But like so many other utility vehicles, this one shares many of its parts with a sedan variant, in this case the Model S.

Indeed, the Model X is derived from the same platform underpinning the Model S, but there are important differences that go beyond the falcon-wing doors. When you include the windshield, the true third row seat and a host of features that help support the added weight and the maneuverability requirements of any crossover, those differences emerge.

What isn’t known is the price percentage of the shared parts, with claims ranging anywhere from 30 to 60 percent. Parts sharing is more common than what some people think — it saves money and ensures engineering uniformity across model lines.

4. A $25,000 tax credit per vehicle is possible. More help for the rich.

Mostly everyone knows about the $7,500 federal electric vehicle tax credit for eligible taxpayers. It rolled out in 2011 as consumers were taking delivery of the first Chevrolet Volts and Nissan Leafs. Eligible Tesla Model S owners have also taken advantage of the tax credit, to the chagrin of some who believe it helps the 1 percent.

If the $7,500 tax credit bothers you, than a review of Section 1709 of the federal tax code will have you steaming. Under that code, buyers of “sport utility and certain other vehicles” with a gross vehicle weight of at least 6,000 pounds and no more than 14,000 pounds, are eligible for a significant credit. The gross vehicle weight takes a model’s curb weight (5,441 pounds for the Model X) and adds in its payload. We don’t know the payload rating for the Model X yet, but figure it is at least 1,200 pounds to carry passengers. At over 6,600 pounds it falls within the Section 1709 requirements.

Now for the interesting news: business owners who purchase the Tesla Model X will be eligible to claim a $25,000 credit for each vehicle. Although $25,000 taken off of $132,000 for a launch vehicle isn’t as significant percentagewise, buyers of the base $80,000 vehicle will end up paying $55,000 for a high-end SUV. This provision has been in place since 2009, benefitting buyers of certain models such as the Hummer H3.

Hyping the Tesla Model X

The Tesla Model X will likely sell itself, but that doesn’t mean the various vainglorious announcements and pronouncements made by Mr. Musk himself won’t be revered by Tesla faithful. In fact, that is something you can count on in addition to other surprises we’re certain to uncover.

See Also — Tesla Model X Unveiled and Explored

Tesla Model X Unveiled and Explored

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The Tesla Model X is here and this electric vehicle manufacturer has once again thrown down the gauntlet in front of luxury manufacturers the world over. The first SUVs have already been delivered to six eagerly awaiting customers.

2016 Tesla Model X

Three and one-half years is a long time to wait for a highly anticipated model, but that delay is now over for fans of the Tesla Model X. Last night at a public reveal, the California-based electric vehicle manufacturer formally unveiled its crossover sport utility vehicle model, what offers seating for six or seven adults, depending on the interior layout.

That event was held near Tesla’s assembly plant in Fremont, California. Six customers who put down sizable deposits were on hand to receive the keys for their new electric SUV. Yes, production is in full swing and deliveries are being made right now.

The design of the 2016 Tesla Model X is not much different from the prototype unveiled in early 2012. Yes, the cool falcon-wing doors are present and all-wheel drive is standard. And this model comes with a 90-kilowatt battery, providing 250 miles of range.

2016 Tesla Model X

Two editions are available — 90D with an EPA-estimated range of 257 miles and a 0-to-60 mph time of 4.8 seconds, and a P90D edition with an EPA-estimated range of 250 miles and a 0-to-60 mph time of 3.8 seconds.

But it gets even better than that — customers who choose a Ludicrous Speed Upgrade option with their P90D can see a 0-to-60 mph time of just 3.2 seconds! Compare that with the Porsche Cayenne Turbo and its best time of 4.1 seconds and you’re looking at the fastest SUV in the world with or without the upgrade.

The launch editions of the Tesla Model X are certainly not cheap. Indeed, customers who purchase the P90D Signature edition will pay $132,000, while those who opt for the P90D Founder edition will spend $142,000. Less costly models will follow, with an expected starting price near $80,000. In the Model X, Tesla is gunning for high-end Porsche customers as well as current Mercedes-Benz and BMW owners. Don’t be surprised if a few Cadillac Escalade owners make the switch too.

2016 Tesla Model X

The rear falcon-wing doors may be the most interesting feature for this SUV. The doors are easily opened when parked in a crowded lot with only about one foot of space needed between vehicles. The front doors open in the standard way, although the driver’s door self opens when you approach the vehicle.

As for its design, the Model X looks very much like the Model S sedan with a similar interior layout.

The front trunk or “frunk” provides storage room and doubles as a large, impact absorbing crumple zone. At the very front are active sensors with emergency braking and collision avoidance systems included. The batteries are floor mounted in a bid to lower the center of gravity and mitigate rollovers. Further, the battery support structure provides what Tesla says is superior side impact protection. Indeed, Tesla has boldly made the claim that the Model X will receive a 5-star crash test rating from the NHTSA. If it does, it will be the first SUV to do so.

2016 Tesla Model X

Other features present with the Tesla Model X include daytime running lights, power-folding and heated side mirrors, an automatically deploying rear spoiler, a full size rear cargo storage area, automatic keyless entry, maps and navigation with real-time traffic updates, GPS-enabled home link, and four LATCH child seat attachments — two each for the second and third rows.

Speaking of the interior, Tesla claims that the Model X offers room for seven adults. Analysts had initially expected the interior to be suitable for five adults with two children finding room in a third row jump seat. However, Tesla says that seven adults can ride in comfort.

Further, the automaker offers a six-place option whereby the three-place middle row and its individually reclining seats is replaced by a pair of bucket seats. That arrangement will make it easier to move about the cabin.

2016 Tesla Model X

One significant surprise found in the SUV is a 17-speaker, 560-watt audio system. The company could have turned to a known manufacturer such as Harmon Kardon, Bowers and Wilkins, or Bang & Olufsen, but they did not. Instead, the audio system was designed entirely in-house by a team of audio engineers. Word has it that it is ideally matched for the Model X.

Bringing the Model X to the market is no small achievement. Tesla got things going in 2008 when it built small numbers of its Tesla Roadster. A few years later the Tesla Model S sedan proved that the company was not a flash in the pan, while the Model X should do its part to shake the luxury SUV market.

If Tesla continues as planned, in a few years it’ll bring forth the Model III, an electric car for the masses. And that may prove to be the tipping point that forces the auto industry to fully embrace vehicle electrification.

All photos copyright Tesla Motors.

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First Generation Chevrolet Volt Clogs Dealer Lots

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Here a Volt, there a Volt.

Car-buying consumers continue to make the shift to heavier and less fuel-efficient pickup trucks and crossover utility vehicles. As demand for veers to other body styles, both traditional and electric sedans and hatchbacks falls. The Chevrolet Volt is one such EV that consumers have left in the dust.

2016 Chevrolet Volt.
2016 Chevrolet Volt.

Summer is typically the season for stepped-up new vehicle discounts, especially for departing models that are being canceled or replaced with the next generation version. The Chevrolet Volt occupies the latter category, a gas-electric hybrid entering its second generation this fall.

Bloated Volt Inventories

Inventories for the first-generation Volt are swollen, with more than 6,000 2014 and 2015 model year vehicles on dealer lots, according to the Detroit Free Press. That number would be manageable if it were the midsize Malibu or compact Cruze sedans, but the figure represents one-third of the Volt’s 18,805 sales in 2014 or four months of inventory.

A 120-day inventory supply is long for any vehicle, but could prove downright catastrophic for EVs, such as the Chevrolet Volt.

Incentives and Tax Credits

The 2015 edition retails from $34,170, a price that includes $1,000 cash back. However, TrueCar has pegged the average price for the Volt at $31,588. And that’s before a $7,500 federal tax credit and whatever state incentives may be available are taken.

By the same token, most Volts are leased. Specifically, rates of $249 per month for 39 months with $500 down or no money down for conquest shoppers (customers who currently own non-GM vehicles) are available in some markets, such as in northern New Jersey. That being said, the deal covers just 32,500 miles over the span of the lease or just 833 miles per month. Push past that mileage threshold and you will pay 25 cents for each mile.

Lower Fuel Prices and an Improved Model

Several auto trends are conspiring to suppress Volt sales. Besides its higher base price compared with conventional models, fuel prices are the lowest we have seen in more than five years. A recent price boost above $2.50 per gallon in most markets to about $3.00 per gallon elsewhere could renew interest in the Volt and other EVs. Yet, new vehicle shoppers continue to make the shift to less efficient trucks and utility vehicles, while demand for all sedans — conventional and otherwise — falls.

Another factor is the 2016 Chevrolet Volt itself. The new version offers several improvements over the departing model, including a longer electric-only range (50 miles over the current 38 miles); a lighter battery, what allows for a three-seat row in the rear instead of the previous two; and an improved dashboard interface. Moreover, GM may be undercutting the first-generation Volt, by dangling its upcoming model in front of prospective shoppers.

EPA Fuel Economy Mandates

Critics are pointing to higher prices, swollen inventories and a shift in consumer preferences among the reasons why the Volt’s year-to-date sales are down 46.1 percent through April, numbering just 2,779 units sold. Some also are openly questioning GM’s decision to proceed with the Chevrolet Bolt, an all-electric vehicle that comes to the market in 2016.

That being said, GM is responding in much the same way as other manufacturers are when faced with a federal regulatory environment requiring all automakers to attain a 54.5 mpg fleet average in 2025. Thus, it is only through an assortment of electric vehicles that car companies will meet those goals. And unless gas eventually reaches $5 per gallon, that mandate will collapse and a number of EV schemes may wither with it.

See Also — Give Me a Chevrolet “B” as in Bolt

Chevrolet Volt photos courtesy of GM.

Chevrolet Bolt Concept to Production Reality?

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At the North American International Auto Show in Detroit this past Jan., General Motors took the wraps off of a concept vehicle called the Chevrolet Bolt. Unlike the Chevy Volt, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, the Bolt is a pure electric vehicle and one with a projected 200-mile range.

Chevrolet will continue to tease the Bolt at major auto shows in Chicago and New York over the coming few months to gauge customer reactions. GM, however, may not wait that long to move this vehicle from concept to production reality as Auto Trends has learned that the tiny EV allurement may soon become the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt.

Chevrolet Bolt

Here is what is moving or at least is not impeding GM from building the Chevrolet Bolt:

1. Low gas prices are not a factor.

Consider today’s low fuel prices a blip, one that will soon be forgotten. Sure, prices may stay below $3 per gallon through the summer, but the long-term forecast has prices rising above $4 to about $5 per gallon in about five years.

Demand for the Chevrolet Bolt would be lower if it were sold now, but by the time it goes into production the market should change.

2. EPA fuel standards march on.

The move towards a 54.5 mpg fleet average continues apace. As it stands right now, no car manufacturer can possibly meet that average without a line of EV or hydrogen models to offset the Silverados, Suburbans and Traverses that consumers are buying — and the lion’s share of the profitable vehicles at that.

In the odd world of EPA fuel estimating, just one Bolt sale can offset two or three large pickup truck or utility vehicle sales.

3. In the Bolt, GM has the perfect Tesla fighter.

Each of the larger manufacturers is keeping a close watch on the fortunes of Tesla Motors. Tesla has promised a low-cost EV — the Model 3 — that they say is expected to retail for around $35,000. If Tesla can reach a price point that is half the cost of the Model S, then it expects to avail EV buying to far more consumers.

GM’s approach has the Bolt priced around $30,000. With a $7,500 federal tax credit, a net cost of $22,500 would be possible for some consumers. That’s close to the cost of a Chevrolet Cruze.

4. Tesla may not be around for long anyway.

News about Tesla Motors far outstrips what this EV manufacturer produces. Clearly, Tesla is the darling of EV enthusiasts and all who embrace environmental sustainability. Yet, the company is not an ideal business model unless its reliance on government handouts and its strange accounting practices makes it so.

Tesla is valued between $25 and $30 billion, or about half the worth of GM. Tesla, however, produces fewer than 30,000 vehicles per year, while GM is closing in on assembling 10 million vehicles in 2015. The promised Model X crossover is still not out and we have yet to behold the Model 3 in concept form. Meanwhile, Tesla’s competitors are each building or planning new models that may squeeze the life out of Tesla (e.g., Toyota Mirai, Hyundai Tucson FCEV, and a host of newer and more efficient hybrids).

5. Politics may loom large.

Not a few of the changes that have benefited Tesla since its inception have come under Obama’s watch. The president’s term is up in Jan. 2017, just ahead of when production of the Bolt will commence. The Tesla Model 3 will come to the market a year or more later and by then the political pendulum may swing to the right regardless who wins the presidency. That doesn’t portend a Republican president ditching EV support, but it could mean that the federal tax credit for EVs could be muzzled.

Further, the 54.5 mpg fleet average might be postponed. And not that either political party is looking to slash the defense budget or allocate additional funds for green engineering and transportation infrastructure. Also, there is the matter of the national debt, what rose by 71 percent under President George W. Bush and has soared by more than 100 percent under President Barack Obama. The day of economic reckoning has long been delayed — when it arrives the smaller and weaker industry players may be swept to the side.

About the Chevrolet Bolt

So, what is it about the Chevrolet Bolt that has it a potential player in the EV market? Of course, price is an obvious factor, but reaching a 200-mile driving range should bring in buyers that otherwise would never consider an EV.

Then again, GM would need to execute the build process to meet or exceed the concept’s design. In the concept, GM made use of lightweight materials, advanced technologies, including a 10-inch capacity-touch screen, and a roomy, utility vehicle matching layout that may have this model competing closer to the Tesla Model X than the Model 3.

To sum up, the Chevrolet Bolt is one concept that is easy on the eyes, a potential game changer with its EV range and affordable option that could very extend EV ownership to the masses.

See Also — Highlights of the 2015 Detroit Auto Show: Media Day 2, Part 1

Photos courtesy of General Motors Company.

Rock Solid Tesla Model S Showing Vulnerabilities Says Consumer Reports

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The Tesla Model S is a pure electric vehicle that needs no introduction. Although its overall sales are small compared to the brand wide sales of Mercedes-Benz, Lexus and BMW, the Model S has enabled Tesla Motors to make significant in-roads against Europe’s elites including the Audi A7 and the Mercedes-Benz CLS. Yes, an American sedan has Europe’s finest on the run and it is consistently delivering better quality ratings too.

Tesla Model S

Car of the Year Awards

Over the last two years a parade of critics have lauded the Tesla Model S, bestowing it with various awards, including the 2013 Automobile of the Year award from Automobile magazine as well as from Motor Trend. Consumer Reports, perhaps one of the most influential and independent critics anywhere, reported that it was the best car it had ever tested, awarding the electric sedan with a score of 99 out of 100.

Perhaps the ultimate recognition for the Model S was the five-star crash test rating the 2013 edition earned from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The NHTSA noted that the 2013 model earned its highest crash rating ever. The Tesla Model S has retained that rating for 2014.

Accolades aside, it can be easy to overlook problems that may occur with the Model S. Just as easily what problems do occur may become magnified.

NHTSA Safety Investigation

Three incidents of fires raised concern that the Model S was not as safe as some had thought, with the NHTSA investigating two of them. The NHTSA found that there was no “defect trend” present and closed its investigation.

Even so, Tesla Motors updated the sedan’s underbody armor by installing a hollow aluminum bar and a titanium plate. Both shields were designed to deflect road objects; Tesla also raised the height of the sedan while it travels down the road to reduce the chances that it would come in contact with debris noted Wired.

Reliability Score Downgrade Coming?

Since then, feedback about the Model S has continued to give overwhelming praise for the sedan. That is, until Consumer Reports (CR) hinted this week that it may lower the EV’s reliability score when it releases data for the 2014 model in September.

The title to a CR article — Consumer Reports Tesla Model S has more than its share of problems; Chronicling glitches in this luxury electric car — may serve notice that its reliability rating will take a hit. After its initial glowing praise for the EV, CR staff has logged nearly 16,000 more miles and found that there are “many minor problems that merit some reflection.”

Those problems include issues with the automatic retracting door handles, a failed center screen, a broken third-row safety belt buckle, an inoperative front trunk release and other problems.

CR was quick to note that its evidence is based on “a sample size of one” and is “never factored (sic) into our reliability ratings.” CR also offered praise for Tesla’s exceptional service, what includes over the air updates for most software-related issues and personalized service whereby a maintenance tech picks up the car for service and returns it when done. A trailer removes the affected vehicle and a loaner is provided, if needed.

Tesla Model S to Model X

Even with a possible reliability score downgrade it seems likely that Tesla Motors will go from strength to strength. Its original Roadster got everything started, essentially a test model that paved the way for the Model S. An all-new Model X is in the wings and will feature dual motor all-wheel drive. With seating for up to seven adults, the Tesla Model X should retail for just above $70,000 and strike at the heart of the premium SUV segment.

See Also — Tesla Model X Unveiled and Explored

Extended Electric Range: 2014 Toyota Prius Plug-In

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The Toyota Prius is the best-known hybrid in the world. It is also a consistent top seller for Toyota, with upwards of 20,000 units sold per month. In the US, Toyota sells about twice as many hybrid electric vehicles under its Toyota and Lexus brands than do all other manufacturers combined.

2014 Toyota Prius Plug-In

Last year, I received as my weekly driver the standard Toyota Prius (priced from $24,200 for 2014) or what the manufacturer calls “the hybrid that started it all.” Since then, Toyota has expanded the line to include a wagon- or crossover-like Prius v ($26,750), a subcompact Prius c ($19,080) and a Prius Plug-In ($29,990). A 2014 Toyota Prius Plug-In was a recent weekly driver, a model with a final price of $31,189 before tax credits.

Before we look at the model at hand, there is the matter of a federal tax credit. That credit applies to vehicles purchased in or after 2010, a credit for an amount of up to $7,500.

The credit amount depends on how long a vehicle runs on electric-only power which is why the Chevrolet Volt with a 35-mile plus range nets a tax credit of $7,500, while the Toyota Prius Plug-In and its approximate 11-mile range comes in at $2,500.

It isn’t a tax rebate either, instead the funds can offset your tax burden — so don’t look for your Toyota dealer to hand you the $2,500. You may need to work with an accountant to figure this out because higher income folk may have their credit reduced or eliminated depending on their adjusted income.

2014 Toyota Prius Plug-In edition.

2014 Toyota Prius Plug-In edition.

Plug ’n Play Prius

At first glance, there are very few differences between the traditional Prius and its plug-in variant. The most noticeable difference is a plug-in port on the passenger side of the vehicle, directly opposite the fuel door. Underneath is where the changes are more pronounced as the plug-in provides a larger and more efficient lithium-ion battery pack that can also be recharged externally.

It can take up to three hours to recharge with your home’s 120-volt outlet, providing a range of at least 11 miles of electric-only power. Don’t worry: if you need extra power, the gas engine kicks in for as long as it is needed. And provided that your speeds stay below 63 mph, you can enjoy full electric vehicle benefits until the battery system returns to its traditional hybrid status.

Adding a plug-in electric variant means that you can go much further on a tank of fuel, making 50 mpg child’s play if you want. The new model is rated at 95 eMPG, a formula that considers a mixture of electric-only performance to deliver better numbers. Certainly, an argument can be made that the formula is not precise. What you cannot argue is that you will use much less gas or at least try to.

That “trying” part means recharging the Prius at home, using the 24-foot cable to connect to your three-prong outlet. You don’t need a 240-volt outlet or a supercharger here — your home’s 120/110-volt outlet will do.

Finding Public Charging Stations

I am by no means a “greenie” but I can play the role without being asked. There is something about plug-in vehicles that makes me to want to extend the range, a bit of psychology I suppose that manufacturers employ to persuade people like me.

In the Raleigh, NC, area there is no shortage of electric charging stations. Credit should be given to North Carolina State University, the city of Raleigh, the town of Cary, and numerous companies, groups and private individuals who have pushed for convenient places to recharge. Even a number of McDonald’s in my area have spaces set aside to recharge.

You can also credit the Plug-In Conference people who chose Raleigh to host the 2011 conference. That event was the first and only time such a conference was held on the east coast, with more than four dozen exhibitors on hand. In keeping with the conference’s debut, permanent charging stations were strategically placed in and around Raleigh, underscoring that the “City of Oaks” was an early supporter of EV technologies.

With EV charging stations in mind, I set out to Pittsboro in Chatham County to hook up at the local Central Carolina Community College charging station, offering a pair of Eaton systems to recharge. While the Prius Plug-In recharged, I went into the library and did some work. I came out a few hours later and found that the charging was complete.

Next, I disconnected the cable and moved to another spot to give others access. Not that there were people clamoring for my spot — it was the middle of the summer when most classes are not in session. Not another EV spotted among the other cars present.


Raleigh electric vehicle recharge station.

An out-of-commission recharge station in Raleigh.

Electric-Only, Mostly

With a fully charged battery at work, I began my 30-mile journey home. On the way, I observed on the dashboard panel that the Prius Plug-In was using electric-only power at all times except when I required more power as in a hard acceleration or at highway speeds. About two-thirds of the way home, the Toyota’s EV-only status had quit. Instead of returning home, I went to my town’s community center where I knew two more public charging stations were available. Once again, I repeated the process before heading home. Yes, you guessed it: I got connected at home too.

By the end of the first day, I found myself hooked. Some might say addicted. It became a game, almost an obsession to find places where I could make a connection.

On the second day, I headed to downtown Raleigh on electric-only power, what ran out just as I arrived at the designated public charging spot. Unfortunately, the Eaton system was taped off. A torn sign reading, “This EV Charging Station Will Be Replaced on June 20, 2014,” was posted along with a “We are sorry for any inconvenience.” Realizing that a month had passed since that I date, I decided to call the person listed on the sign. I wasn’t able to get through to the city of Raleigh’s assistant parking administrator. I did not leave a message.

Fortunately, Google Maps does an admirable job of listing available public charging stations. Raleigh showed at least one dozen of them, but as I reviewed the addresses I found that most were in parking garages. Given that I was looking to park and recharge for free, I decided to eliminate most of them. Fortunately, I found a pair of spaces right across from the Raleigh Municipal Hall, with a Nissan Leaf already connected. I pulled in and hooked up to what looked like a pair of spanking new GE charging stations.

The one thing I did not realize was this: although the station dispensed free electricity, you still had to pay for parking. In Raleigh, there are no parking meters, rather there are central paying stations on each block where you are to make payment. For some reason I thought my parking was free, but found out that a $20 parking ticket was slapped on the Prius’ windshield. Lesson learned.

2014 Toyota Prius PHEV

View manufacturer details and pricing

Prius Plug-In: No Driving Excitement

It should be understood that the Prius Plug-In provides as close to absolutely no driving excitement that you will find in any vehicle today. Even with the performance mode selected, this hybrid makes a cursory effort to get moving. Its nondescript steering and squishy braking are well noted. The hollow noise you hear as you close any door underscores that this vehicle is a lightweight, both in matters of proportions and performance.

What the Prius Plug-In does deliver is room for five. Not compromised room either, but authentic seating capacity for five adults. Although the car is small, its aerodynamic body shape and expansive interior has the federal government classifying this vehicle as a midsize model.

The base edition of the Prius Plug-In comes with climate control, a tilt and telescopic steering wheel, a six-speaker audio system with audio display, a back up camera, cruise control, power accessories, smart key access, and push button start. The test model added an accessory package ($303) equipped with a first aid kit, carpet floor mats, a cargo mat and a cargo net. Wheel locks ($67) and rear bumper appliqué ($69) were also included.

Even with the many amenities offered, the standard Prius Plug-In may not be as well equipped as some would like. Toyota solves that problem by offering an Advanced ($34,905) trim level that brings in a premium navigation system, an eight-speaker audio system, Entune app suite, leather-like SofTex seats, 8-way power driver’s seat, dynamic cruise control, and Bluetooth connectivity, among other features

Toyota Hybrid Options

And if hybrid technology interests you, but you prefer another model, Toyota has you covered there. For there are hybrid versions of its midsize Camry and large Avalon sedans as well as for its midsize Highlander crossover. The Prius may dominate the market, but you have other options from the Toyota fold.

2014 Toyota Prius PHEV

  • Sticker price from $29,990
  • Price as tested: $31,189
  • Seats 5 occupants
  • 1.8-liter 16-valve hybrid engine
  • 98 horsepower @ 5,200 rpm
  • 105 foot-pounds of torque @ 4,000 rpm
  • 134 hybrid system net horsepower
  • 153 hybrid system net torque
  • 3.17 inches bore by 3.48 inches stroke
  • Engine compression ratio: 13.0-to-1
  • Electronically controlled continuously variable transmission
  • Wheelbase: 106.3 inches
  • Length: 176.4 inches
  • Width: 68.7 inches
  • Height: 58.7 inches
  • Passenger volume: 93.7 cubic feet
  • Storage volume: 21.6 cubic feet
  • Towing capacity: NR
  • EPA: 14 mpg city, 23 mpg highway
  • Regular grade gasoline
  • Fuel tank: 10.6 gallons
  • Curb weight: From 3,165 pounds
  • IIHS safety rating: Top Safety Pick+
  • Limited vehicle warranty: 36 months/36,000 miles
  • Powertrain warranty: 60 months/60,000 miles
  • Corrosion warranty: 60 months/Unlimited miles
  • Hybrid warranty: 8 years/100,000 miles
  • Vehicle assembly: Tsutsumi, Japan

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Performance Luxury Sedan: 2014 Lexus IS

2014 Toyota Prius Plug-In photos copyright Auto Trends Magazine. All rights reserved.

Honda Accord Wins Green Car of the Year Award

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2014 Honda Accord PHEV
2014 Green Car of the Year: Honda Accord

The 2014 Honda Accord is the recipient of Green Car Journal’s 2014 Green Car of the Year award. The new model beat out the Toyota Corolla, the Mazda3, the Audi A6 TDI and the BMW 328d in winning the latest award.

The Green Car of the Year award is juror selected and is always announced on the second press day of the Los Angeles Auto Show. The Accord is the second Honda model to win the award in the past three years. Two years earlier the Honda Civic Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) model garnered the award.

Earth Dreams Technology

Honda outfits every 2014 Accord with its Earth Dreams Technology powertrains including a 2.4-liter four-cylinder engine. Honda pairs this engine with a continuously variable transmission or a six-speed manual transmission. The Accord is rated as high as 27 mpg in the city and 36 mpg on the highway.

Customers may also opt for a 3.5-liter V-6 engine. The larger engine is paired with a six-speed automatic transmission or a six-speed manual transmission. The V-6 Accord is rated as high as 21 mpg in the city and 34 mpg on the highway.

Earth Dreams represents a number of technological advances over earlier generation Honda powertrains. For example, its gasoline engines make use of variable valve timing and employ a lift electronic control system to improve thermal efficiency and to reduce friction. The result is better fuel economy and fewer emissions. The new technology also encompasses improvements to its diesel engine line, its transmissions, and to its hybrid systems.

Accord Hybrid Models

But it is the Honda Accord Hybrid that leads the model line in fuel efficiency and has the lowest emissions. The standard hybrid, powered by a 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine paired with a continuously variable transmission and an electric motor, is rated at 50 mpg in the city and 45 mpg on the highway. A plug-in version of the Accord Hybrid is also available, making 47 mpg in the city and 46 on the highway. Moreover, when this model runs on a combination of electricity and gasoline it makes a fuel economy equivalent to a whopping 115 MPGe.

In presenting this year’s award Ron Cogan, editor and publisher of Green Car Journal and CarsOfChange.com said, “With its efficient internal combustion, hybrid, and plug-in choices, the 2014 Honda Accord delivers exactly what consumers are looking for today. It all comes together this year for the Accord in ways that speak to significant environmental performance built into a mainstream, volume model that’s a joy to drive. The Accord is a deserving winner of Green Car Journal’s 2014 Green Car of the Year.”

Green Car of the Year

Responding on behalf of Honda about the Green Car of the Year Award was Mike Accavitti, senior vice president of Automobile Operations at American Honda. Said Accavitti, “Led by the 2014 Accord Hybrid, the entire Accord lineup really embodies the promise of the Honda brand to deliver both fun-to-drive enjoyment and outstanding fuel efficiency at the highest level. I want to say thank you to Green Car Journal, not just for honoring Accord, but for shining a spotlight on the environment and our shared vision for an ultra-low carbon future.”

See Also — In Just 22 Years, Car Theft Rates Have Plunged by 58 Percent

Global Debut: BMW i3 EV

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BMW has rethrown its hat into the electric vehicle ring, by introducing to the world its all-new i3 model. On Monday, the German car manufacturer simultaneously introduced the car at events in Beijing, London and New York, representing three important markets where the car will be sold. Its North American debut will take place in the second quarter of 2014, behind its European roll out.

BMW i3

The BMW i3 gets the iconic twin kidney grille.

2015 BMW i3

The BMW i3 will retail from $42,475, destination and handling fees included. A range-extender version, equipped with a small gasoline-powered engine, will sell for about $4,000 more. The new model is the first one in the BMW i sub-brand, electrified vehicles all.

BMW has stressed that the i3 has an advantage over electric vehicles that share a common platform with conventional cars. Notably, the space behind the rear axle that holds a gas tank and the exhaust system in other models typically goes to waste in electric versions. Because the BMW i3 was designed solely with vehicle electrification in mind, no such constraints exist.

A 170-horsepower electric motor producing 184 foot-pounds of torque will be used. It is expected to move the BMW i3 from 0 to 60 mph in just seven seconds, reach a top speed of 93 mph and provide a real world driving range of 80 to up to 100 miles.

A 22-kilowatt lithium-ion battery system weighing 450 pounds stores electricity, making use of regenerative braking and outlet charging to recharge this EV. BMW says that the i3 can be operated in three driving modes: comfort, Eco Pro and Eco Pro+. With a 220-volt outlet, this model can be recharged in three hours. When connected to an optional DC combo fast charger, it can be fully recharged within 30 minutes.

BMW i3

Even Weight Distribution

BMW says that its EV attains the brand’s near-perfect 50-50 front, rear weight distribution. It does so in part by employing new and lighter weight materials including a carbon fiber reinforced plastic roof panel, natural plant fibers and other renewable materials. The lighter weight battery system and 110-pound electric motor are what helps keep this vehicle’s weight to around 2,700 pounds.

The BMW i3 seats four people and feature rear-hinged rear doors for ease of back seat access. This model will sit on 19-inch wheels, feature all-season tires and be sold in three trim levels. All models include a navigation system, an onboard charger, LED headlights, LED tail lamps and a leather-trimmed steering wheel. Moving up the trim levels, leather and wool seating or all-leather seating will be included. Various technology and driving assist packages will be available.

BMW i3

BMW i3Range Extender Option

BMW has also sought to find a balance between limited range and full range extension. For instance, the Nissan LEAF can travel approximately 80 miles before it needs to be recharged. The Chevrolet Volt, on the other hand, taps electric-only power for 35 miles before a range-extending 1.4-liter gasoline engine kicks in. The Volt can then go another 340 miles thanks to its 9.3-gallon fuel tank and refueled again as desired.

For the BMW i3, its optional 650cc two-cylinder engine adds about 330 pounds to the vehicle’s weight, but it also extends the driving range to 160 miles. A 2.4-gallon fuel tank makes this possible, something that drivers might consider as an “insurance policy” when on longer trips.

BMW i3

BMW i Sub-Brand

BMW announced its i sub-brand in Feb. 2011, telling reporters that the “BMW i represents a new movement in vehicle mobility.” It isn’t the first electric vehicle BMW has built as both its MINI Cooper and BMW brands offer EVs in limited quantities. The BMW i3 and the upcoming i8 are its first dedicated EVs, models that it hopes will introduce new consumers to BMW while also giving enthusiasts broader electric-only options.

Full model information will be available closer to the i3’s U.S.-spec model’s debut.

BMW i3

See Also — On Sale Now: Chevrolet Volt

Photos courtesy of BMW of North America.

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