GM

General Motors Deepens Partnership With Honda, Takes Stake in Nikola

September 8, 2020 by admin Leave a Comment

GM’s plans for the future show a company willing to take risks.

Nikola Corporation and General Motors Co. announced a strategic partnership that begins with the Nikola Badger and carries cost reductions through all of Nikola’s programs, including: Nikola Badger, Nikola Tre, Nikola One, Nikola Two and NZT. As part of the agreement, Nikola will utilize General Motors’ Ultium battery system and Hydrotec fuel cell technology, representing a key commercialization milestone for General Motors.

Within only five days, the General Motors Company changed the course of its business in ways probably not foreseen by most automotive experts.

On Sept. 3, General Motors and Honda announced that the companies signed a non-binding Memo of Understanding (MoU) whereby the two would work toward establishing a strategic alliance in North America. That alliance would explore the two automakers sharing vehicle platforms and propulsion systems in a variety of core segments.

Five days later, General Motors announced a strategic partnership with Nikola Corporation, parent of Nikola Truck Company, an emerging manufacturer of electrified vehicles. As part of the agreement, GM takes an 11-percent stake in Nikola.

GM and Honda Expand Their Relationship

GM’s MoU with Honda was especially surprising, given the latter’s long-running independent course. Even as Nissan partnered with Renault and Mitsubishi to forge an extensive alliance and Toyota took stakes in multiple small Japanese manufacturers, Honda seemed content to stay the course.

But we’ve seen a willingness on Honda’s part in recent years to soften its resistance to collaborating with other manufacturers. Indeed, Honda joined GM’s battery module initiative in 2018, then followed in April 2020 with an announcement that the two manufacturers would jointly build a pair of all-new electric vehicles for Honda. The EVs are based on GM’s highly flexible EV platform powered by proprietary Ultium batteries.

Models powered by Ultium batteries feature a range of 400 miles or longer and are designed for Level 2 and DC fast charging. The second-generation Chevrolet Bolt EV, due out in 2021 as a 2022 model will utilize the new platform and battery system. A Cadillac Lyriq SUV will follow as will models for Buick and GMC.

The Honda-GM accord is a proposal, based on a joint committee composed of senior executives from both companies. The two will hold co-development planning discussions immediately, followed by engineering work set to begin in early 2021. Under the terms of the proposal, the two automakers will collaborate on building a variety of vehicles with a shared platform, including internal combustion and electric models. None of the models will be developed to serve other markets.

The automakers say that the companies will realize extensive savings in cost, including research and development (R&D) and engineering, and collaborating on purchasing.

Making a Case for Electrification

GM’s agreement with Nikola goes well beyond taking a stake in this upstart automaker. For example, the company immediately gains a $2 billion equity stake in Nikola, named for Nikola Tesla. Further, GM will engineer, validate, homologate, and build the Nikola Badger in both its battery-electric and fuel cell electric guises. Badger production is expected to commence by the end of 2022.

As a result of the strategic partnership, Nikola estimates it will save $4 billion in battery and powertrain ghosts over 10 years and an additional $1 billion in engineering and validation costs. As for GM, the company expects to receive at least $4 billion of benefits between the shares’ equity value, Badger contract manufacturing, supply contracts covering batteries and fuel cells, and EV credits that stay in place over the contract’s term.

GM and Honda have cooperated on projects dating to the beginning of this century. Since 2013, the two automakers have stepped up their cooperation.

Looking Ahead

Although the GM-Honda agreement must yet be finalized and is non-binding, the prospect of further collaboration between the two automakers is an enticing proposition.

We have no idea what vehicles the two manufacturers might build together, although it seems possible GM might perhaps gain car models, while Honda could benefit from GM’s truck lines. This is, of course, speculation but the possibilities are intriguing and will remain one part of a wider conversation involving electrification, mobility, technology, and collaboration.

About the 2021 Lordstown Endurance

July 31, 2020 by admin 1 Comment

An electric truck that’s not from Rivian or Tesla.

Pickup trucks remain a lucrative market for key manufacturers, whose profits drive these businesses and allow them to invest in other technologies, including vehicle electrification. GM and Ford are taking some of the profits culled from the Chevrolet Silverado and Ford F-150 and are plowing them into EV models that also include electric trucks.

Two EV makers will soon field their electric trucks when Rivian and Tesla offer models as early as 2021. But these four companies aren’t the only manufacturers looking at their EV utility options. A company called Lordstown Motors Corp., based in Ohio, will soon field an Endurance pickup truck. Built at a facility once owned by GM, the Lordstown group is working diligently to bring its truck to market, perhaps beating Tesla to it.

Lordstown Endurance

The 2021 Lordstown Endurance is built on a simple platform featuring four in-wheel hub motors with integrated software managing the same. Instead of using thousands of moving parts as is typical in gas- and diesel-powered vehicles, the four motors are the only moving parts in this EV truck’s chassis. Theoretically, with very few moving parts, this truck should stand the test of time, hence its “Endurance” nameplate.

Lordstown says its hub motor system is more efficient than the EV systems coming from other manufacturers as energy output goes immediately to each wheel. Other EV systems are more complex as they include at least one electric motor and gearbox which then transmits power to the wheels. With this four-wheel-drive Endurance, the wheels along with the integrated software work independently while also monitoring battery pack performance. The company says the pickup truck earns the equivalent of 75 MPGe.

Scant Details

The first public debut of the Endurance took place on June 25, 2020, at the factory with U.S. Vice-President Mike Pence among the dignitaries present. That news conference was scarce on tech details, although the company says the truck makes 600 horsepower and has a tow rating of up to 6,000 pounds. That towing capacity is thousands of pounds less than what Ford and Tesla are touting for their trucks and likely will shut out some buyers.

The Endurance is a crew cab model (four large doors) with room for five. According to “The Drive,” when it comes to charging, “a 7.0-kW onboard charger, a full recharge will take 10 hours using a 240-volt Level 2 AC power source. It’s unclear what charging times will look like with DC fast-charging sources.” Lordstown says the truck will supply a 260-mile range. Other details, including payload, available trims, and interior details are not yet known.

Fleet Buyers First

Like other manufacturers, Lordstown is taking “pre-orders” or early non-binding orders for its truck. Priced from $52,500, the truck should qualify purchasers with a $7,500 federal tax credit, effectively lowering their cost to $45,000, plus taxes, tags, other fees, and upgrades. Unlike the other manufacturers, Lordstown has fleet buyers in mind and is requiring them to purchase at least five trucks with a $1,000 refundable deposit each. The company says it has contracted with the disaster relief firm ServPro to take 1,200 trucks from the onset.

Delivery may be staggered with buyers having the option of receiving their trucks over two years. Once those orders are taken, individual commercial and consumer buyers will likely get their chance to purchase one. The company is looking to begin building its truck in Summer 2021 with deliveries starting soon thereafter. The Lordstown facility has an annual build capacity of 600,000 units and the company is intent on eventually reaching maximum output.

Looking Ahead

We’re not sure how strong Lordstown’s financial backing is. The manufacturing plant is on loan from GM who lent the company money to lease the facility. The company was founded by Steven Burns whose previous business Workhorse Group built battery-electric powertrains for UPS trucks.

On the other hand, Rivian has raised more than $5 billion and counts Amazon and the Ford Motor Company among its key investors. Tesla itself is a financial powerhouse with its stock valued higher than any other manufacturer. In any case, Lordstown’s success is far from guaranteed and the company will have to flawlessly execute production or risk getting run over by far stronger competition.

Photos copyright Lordstown Motors Corp.

Premium Delight: Buick Enclave Avenir

May 20, 2020 by admin 3 Comments

The Buick marque once represented a line of sedans, with names such as Electra 225, Roadmaster, and Lucerne among them. These days, however, the brand is down to the Regal car line with an assortment of tiny, small, and midsize crossovers dominating the product field.

At the top of the crossover spectrum is the Enclave, a three-row model with room for seven. It seems larger than it is, thanks to its roomy interior.

The first-generation Enclave rolled out in 2008 and stayed on the market for 10 years. The second-generation Enclave made its debut in 2018 and includes only minor package changes for its third year.

2020 Buick Enclave Review

Buick offers the 2020 Enclave in four trims: Preferred ($40,000), Essence ($42,000), Premium ($48,400), and Avenir ($53,800). Add $1,195 for the destination charge.

Front-wheel drive is standard; all-wheel drive is available on all but the base trim.

Exterior

It’s big and it’s beautiful. That’s the 2020 Enclave. When dressed in the top Avenir trim it receives numerous embellishments, including unique upper and lower grilles, 20-inch Pearl Nickel wheels, and unique Avenir badging details. A commanding, but elegant presence and beautifully flowing lines are features of note.

Among the standard features are LED headlamps, heated power outside mirrors, roof-mounted side rails, 18-inch painted aluminum wheels, and a power moonroof with a fixed rear skylight. The color palette is limited on the base trim, but then expands significantly with the Essence.

Interior

Most Buick interiors are a cut above the competition and the Enclave doesn’t disappoint, particularly in Avenir trim. The cabin is spacious with room for seven. Buick doesn’t try to wedge in an eighth seating position by filling out a bench seat in the second row. That’s always a good thing.

Buick makes proper use of soft-touch materials, layered surfaces, and handsome detailing. The Avenir elevates the experience with perforated leather-appointed seats in chestnut or ebony, a real wood-accented steering wheel, and an 8-inch diagonal configured digital instrument panel.

A long list of standard features make the Enclave a strong contender in the segment. These items include loads of tech, heated and power front seats, second-row captain’s chairs, full power accessories, and three-zone climate control.

The standard cloth seats in the base Preferred model upgrade to perforated-leather first- and second-row seats beginning with the Essence trim. At the Premium level, Buick adds such features as a heated steering wheel, heated second-row seats, and a power-folding third-row seat.

One feature that may be ideal for some shoppers is Buick’s “quiet tuning” technology, described as “In-cabin microphones distinguish unwanted powertrain noise and cancels it to help create a quiet interior cabin.”

Safety

It’s a mixed bag with Buick and its active driver-assist safety features. Unlike models that cost much less, you’ll pay extra for most of the advanced features or find them limited to certain trims. For instance, automatic emergency braking isn’t available on the Preferred and Essence trims, but it is standard with the Premium and Avenir. All models come with rear park assist and an HD rear vision camera.

Starting with the Essence trim, Buick adds lane-change alert with side blind zone alert. Rear cross-traffic alert is also included. At the Premium level, Buick adds forward collision alert, while lane-change alert is on the Avenir. To get the top safety features, such as advanced automatic braking and adaptive cruise control, you must opt for the Avenir Technology Package ($2,095). These features are then bundled with an updated four-wheel independent suspension system and continuously variable damping. Yes, you’ll notice the difference if you compare the trims as I have.

The extra cost for advanced safety features is hard to fathom. And that they’re only available on the Avenir drives the Enclave’s price to an eye-watering $60,000. In this department, it puts Buick at a distinct disadvantage to newer models, such as the Hyundai Palisade and Kia’s Telluride.

Technology

Even base Enclaves come with a stellar list of technologies. An 8-inch touch-screen display works with Siri Eyes Free, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto smartphone compatibility, and Bluetooth. Buick also includes six USB ports, an auxiliary jack, and an app suite.

The standard audio package is a six-speaker system. Buick includes 4G LTE Wi-Fi hotspot capability with OnStar.

Beginning with the Essence trim, Buick adds a 10-speaker Bose audio system. This is where satellite radio comes in. If you want HD Radio, then start with the Premium trim. Navigation is bundled within a $1,395 “Sites and Sounds Package” on the Essence trim. This package includes the Bose system and a 120-volt power outlet.

Performance

Powering every 2020 Enclave is a 3.6-liter V6 engine with 310 horsepower and 266 pound-feet of torque. This engine works with a 9-speed automatic transmission.

The powertrain performs admirably, supplying robust off-the-mark acceleration and strong passing power. We’ve long appreciated the Enclave’s special tuning, which takes it up a notch in our test Avenir trim.

We’re not ready to say the Enclave performs in the same category as Europe’s finest SUVs, but it definitely has an improved feel over the usual mainstream models. The Enclave is closely related to the Chevrolet Traverse right down to the frame and powertrain. The Buick, though, offers a more comfortable ride and a quieter cabin. If there is a downside to this powertrain it’s with fuel economy: you’ll average about 20 mpg according to EPA and our own testing experience. Likely, we’ll see some sort of electrified version in the future. Perhaps a conventional hybrid.

Three-row crossover utility vehicles supply noteworthy pulling power. In standard configuration, the Enclave has a 1,500-pound towing capacity. With the available towing package, it pulls up to 5,000 pounds, which is right where it should be.

The Buick Enclave in historic downtown Rocky Mount, NC.

Competitive Set

The bench for three-row midsize crossovers runs long and deep. Besides the Traverse and Enclave, GM offers the GMC Acadia, but it is slightly smaller than these two.

Among the other models in this segment is the Volkswagen Atlas, Mazda CX-9, Ford Explorer, Toyota Highlander, Dodge Durango, Nissan Pathfinder, Honda Pilot, Kia Telluride, Hyundai Palisade, and the Subaru Ascent. We’ve driven them all and the competition is fierce. Most have a standard V6 engine. Some have a turbo four. The Durango is the lone model with V8 power available.

Our Recommendation

You could begin and end your search with the standard model and come away with a nicely equipped vehicle for about $40,000. That’s about the price you’ll pay for well-equipped trims from other models.

We’d opt for the towing package, but there isn’t else that’s a “must have” on the lower end of the trim level. Keep in mind if you want all-wheel drive, you’ll have to make the $2,000 jump to the next trim and pay another $2,000 for all-wheel drive.

2020 Buick Enclave Specifications

Buick	2020 Enclave
Segment	Midsize SUV
Price Range	$40,000 to $57,295
Destination Charge	$1,195
Standard Engine	3.6-liter,
Horsepower	310 hp @ 6,800 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	266 lb.-ft. @ 2,800 rpm
Transmission	9-speed automatic
Seating	Up to 7
Curb Weight (pounds)	4,359 to 4,685
Wheelbase (inches)	120.9
Length (inches)	204.3
Width (inches)	78.8
Height (inches)	69.9
Headroom (f,r…inches)	42.6, 39.9, 37.6
Legroom (f,r…inches)	41.2, 38.9, 33.5
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	62.4, 61.7, 57.3
Hip room (f,r…inches)	59.1, 57.7, 48.5
Storage (cubic feet)	23.6, 58.0, 97.6
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	5,000
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	19.4 (FWD); 21.7 (AWD)
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	18/26/21 (FWD); 17/25/20 (AWD)
Manufacturing Plant	Lansing, Michigan

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

U.S. Auto Sales:
A Pandemic Race to the Bottom

April 2, 2020 by admin Leave a Comment

March 2020 U.S. auto sales drop through the floor.

As expected, the U.S. auto sales numbers for March 2020 reflect what we already knew: a substantial correction, resulting almost entirely from the COVID-19 pandemic. Every manufacturer and brand posted losses in March, as the country went through an expanding area of “stay at home” orders covering most of the nation. The full impact of the coronavirus outbreak is not yet known, but consumers are staying away from showrooms.

More than 3 million Americans were suddenly left jobless by the third week of March, effectively removing a source of consumers who might show interest in purchasing a new vehicle. In some states, dealerships shut down, while in others they stayed open under local “essential services” rules.

All three of the major domestics – GM, Ford, and Fiat Chrysler – reported losses. The Big 3, as they are colloquially known – stopped reporting monthly sales figures, choosing to share quarterly data only. With the first quarter done, nearly every brand showed net losses. Ram was the lone exception; Korean make Kia also came out on the plus side.
GM’s quarterly sales fell 7 percent, while Fiat Chrysler slid 10 percent. Ford’s numbers were not available as of this writing, but losses rivaling its chief competitors is in order.

Other automakers reported their March sales, which give a stark picture of what happened last month. Subaru, which has seen a steady increase in sales since the last recession, registered a 47-percent drop in March. The loss snapped a month-over-month streak that spanned more than eight years. Indeed, Subaru is facing the end of 11 consecutive years of growth that have transformed this niche automaker into an important player in the U.S. market.

In no particular order, sales numbers culled from manufacturing data is as follows:

Kia sales fell 22.9 percent for the month, but remain up slightly for the year. Two strong months to begin the year have kept this Korean manufacturer in the black, although we expect that’ll change during the first week of April. Hyundai’s sales fell 43 percent of the month, thus it sold fewer cars than Kia, its sister brand.

Mitsubishi reported a 42-percent sales drop, while Mazda’s sales plunged 42.8-percent. Mazda enjoyed strong sales in January and February, thus it is only down 4.9 percent for the quarter.

Porsche’s quarterly sales dropped 20.2 percent, with every established model registering double-digit losses. Porsche also started delivering its Taycan all-electric model, with 221 units sold in the first quarter.

Volkswagen sales dropped 42 percent for the month and are down 13 percent for the year. The automaker rolled out the new Atlas Cross Sport model during the first quarter.

Toyota sales fell nearly 37 percent for the month and are down 8.8 percent for the first quarter. New models counted during the January-March period include the GR Supra sportscar and the Yaris Hatchback.

Nissan Group sales, inclusive of the Infiniti and Nissan brands, are down nearly 30 percent for the quarter. This automaker had already experienced a significant downturn ahead of the coronavirus crisis with its sales falling the steepest amongst the major manufacturers.

Honda experienced one of the largest month-over-month drops of any manufacturer with March 2020 sales down 48 percent compared to March 2019. For the quarter, Honda sales – inclusive of the Honda and Acura brands – are off 19.2 percent.

Other manufacturers, including Ford, Mercedes-Benz, and BMW will report today or Friday. All three will share substantial losses for March.

Looking Ahead

April 2020 sales will continue to fall as the COVID-19 pandemic worsens across the United States. With various “stay at home” directives in place, consumers won’t be visiting showrooms in many areas. For lessees, opting for an extension may bide them some time, otherwise inventory turnover should be light for the second quarter, perhaps rebounding in the second half of the year as the pandemic eases.

Auto Industry Reacts to Coronavirus Threat

March 30, 2020 by admin 1 Comment

General Motors and Ventec Life Systems are partnering to convert the GM Kokomo, Indiana ERC building for the production of Ventec ventilators in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. (Photo GM Corp.)

COVID-19 is turning the world upside down, with nearly every country and region reporting cases, including deaths. “Business as usual” is no longer the case as companies large and small adjust or in some cases shut down.
The auto industry is no exception and has, in fact, seen production stopped at most plants scattered across the United States. We examined the impact earlier this month (see Coronavirus Strikes; Industry Reacts). Today, the picture has changed with the major players doing their part to fight the battle.

Here are the latest updates from key original equipment manufacturers:

GM will build critical care ventilators. GM is not currently building vehicles as its production facilities remain shuttered following the COVID-19 outbreak. But one plant, it’s Kokoma, Indiana, manufacturing facility will soon come back online, as it launches production of critical care ventilators> for Ventec Life Systems. Ventec, based in Bothell, Washington, is unable to meet demand at its lone facility. With GM’s help, the companies will produce the ventilators needed by hospitals in the United States and abroad. A second GM plant, this one in Warren, Michigan, will soon assemble Level 1 masks. Within two weeks, GM should produce 50,000 masks per day, potentially doubling that number.

The 2020 Detroit Auto Show is canceled. The North American International Auto Show was last held in January 2019 and was supposed to move to a late spring/early summer schedule this year. Indeed, journalists marked June 2020 on their calendars, expecting to head to the Motor City for a warm-weather preview of new cars and concepts. The show, however, will not go on as the city will instead turn the host Cobo Center into a temporary hospital for the duration of the coronavirus crisis. The show’s organizers have already updated their page to reflect the next show, which is scheduled for June 11-26, 2021.

Dealerships reel under local “stay-at-home” directives. Tens of thousands of car dealership employees are on furlough as various “stay-at-home” edicts shutter showroom doors. The Penske Corp. has avoided layoffs so far as senior staff accepts pay cuts and Roger Penske and the company’s president, Rob Kurnick, forgo their salaries for the duration of the crisis according, to Autoweek. Dealers throughout the country have reduced hours or temporarily closed down and laid-off employees.

Plant shutdowns extend into April. March 30 was supposed to be the day for manufacturers to resume production, but that isn’t going to happen. GM, Ford, and Fiat Chrysler were among the first companies to shutter their plants and each will stay closed for at least another week. Volkswagen says it’ll restart production on April 5, while Toyota says it’ll bring its plants back online on April 20. These resumption dates, however, will likely change especially as President Trump extended the national pullback through April 30. That said, each state has its unique directives in place.

Manufacturers and lenders give consumers a break. With millions of new unemployment claims filed in March, many consumers are suddenly experiencing financial trouble. With finance and lease payments due, some people are unable to make their next payment. Fortunately, manufacturers are responding through their financing arms to give consumers a break. Depending on the company, payment deferrals and lease payment extensions are in place. That said, in some cases only consumers with top credit ratings are eligible. We’ve surveyed various schemes in place from Ford, Hyundai, Nissan, and others. Auto Trends recommends affected consumers contact their respective lender for guidance. Tell them your story and work out an agreement that’s right for you.

After COVID-19

At some point, the COVID-19 threat will be gone, with businesses returning to a new normal. Most American citizens will see some relief in April as unemployment checks arrive and as the IRS distributes $1,200 to $3,400 to eligible households. The industry will endure a deep sales slump in March and April, with the likely rebound beginning in May. We may see record sales by July as consumers who have delayed their purchases flood dealer showrooms. Again, all this is predicated on how the crisis plays out.

Coronavirus Strikes; Industry Reacts

March 19, 2020 by admin 3 Comments

It was only a matter of time before the U.S. auto industry reacted to the coronavirus pandemic, as both domestic and foreign-based manufacturers announced plans this week to thwart the spread of the contagion. The action taken varies from automaker to automaker, but ultimately a full production shut down ranging from a few days to up to two weeks, perhaps more, is occurring.

Following positive COVID-19 test results from one or more plant workers, companies such as Fiat Chrysler, GM, and Ford are idling their plants for at least 10 days. The companies responded to union pressure to shut down their plants, following Honda’s decision to take a six-day break of its own.

Honda workers are not represented by a union.

The industry-wide shutdown is unprecedented and will go beyond the pullback manufacturers faced in 2008 as a result of a deep recession. Then, all three U.S. manufacturers faced collapse with Chrysler and GM ultimately walking through bankruptcy. After that, Chrysler merged with Fiat, and all three companies restructured and built vast reserves of cash to weather the next cyclical downturn.

After years of anticipation, that downturn is here, driven largely by a pandemic that’s shaken much of the world.

Nissan will shut its plants from March 20 to April 6, while Hyundai closed its Alabama plant and is disinfecting the same following a positive COVID-19 result for one of its workers.

Toyota plans a two-day pause on March 23 and 24 for all its North American locations, allowing for special cleaning as well as to readjust production for lowered demand. The company says it will resume production on March 25.

Mercedes-Benz has yet to announce plans for its Alabama plant, but it is likely to shut it down as part shortages loom. According to Bloomberg, the company is experiencing a parts shortage as the European Union is amid a 30-day closure. Italy, Spain, and France are all hard-hit with virus cases in Germany and other countries increasing sharply. Mercedes imports engines and transmissions from Europe, which power two utility vehicles built stateside.

As of this writing, Kia has no plans to scale back production or temporarily reduce worker headcount at its West Point, Georgia, manufacturing plant. The automaker told the LaGrange Daily News that it has a COVID-19 response team tasked with monitoring the situation and minimizing risks. These include restricting public access and shutting down the facility’s fitness center.

BMW intends to keep its Spartanburg (Greer), SC, plant operational, at least for now. The company ordered many of its office employees to work from home, but it will keep its plant running.

Responding to a Fox Carolina inquiry via Twitter, BMW said, “In regard to closing Plant Spartanburg, we continue to monitor the situation in South Carolina daily and are in close alignment with both state and local government officials. We recognize that we are in a dynamic situation and we are prepared to adjust quickly based on the daily analysis of the current environment. In parallel we have implemented numerous measures to protect the health and safety of our employees.”

Auto Trends has learned that other automakers with a manufacturing or business presence in the U.S. are also responding to the crisis.

For instance, Tesla plans to temporarily reduce its workforce from 10,000 individuals to 2,500, although a timeline hasn’t been announced. The company finds itself in an unusual position as the area is under a mandatory three-week shelter-in-place directive.

But employees who are going to work are violating the edict, which only makes allowance for essential personnel to travel. The Alameda County Sheriff’s Department contends the plant must shut down, although it may permit a smaller workforce to remain for non-production work only.

See Also — 9 Winners and Losers of 2019

Image by Tumisu from Pixabay.

Six (Five) Engine Choices With the 2020 GMC Sierra

March 4, 2020 by admin 1 Comment

The 2020 GMC Sierra comes in a variety of trims, package offerings, and two-and four-wheel-drive configurations. You’ll also find more engine choices than its competitors. (Photo: GM Corp.)

Shop for a GMC Sierra 1500 pickup truck and you’ll find a dizzying array of cab choices, trim levels, and package offerings. That’s typical in a segment where customization is the name of the game.

What’s also part of the equation is the number of engine choices: six, to be precise. That’s double what the Ford F-150 offers, the best-selling model in the segment. Yes, two of the engines are in reality the same: a 5.3-liter V8, which works with different transmissions. We’ll take a look at the engines, where they’re offered, and mention payload and towing capabilities when properly equipped.

GMC Engine Family

GMC starts things off with the familiar, namely a 4.3-liter V6. It’s a workhorse introduced in 1985, but it has undergone numerous changes since. In the late 2000s, the engine finally did away with its distributor. In 2013, GM released the third generation of this engine (EcoTec3), which includes cylinder deactivation, direct fuel injection and continuously variable valve timing technologies (same as the two V8s). This one makes 285 horsepower and 305 pound-feet of torque, works with a 6-speed automatic transmission, is payload-rated up to 2,240 pounds, and has a maximum towing capacity of 7,900 pounds.

The second engine in our list is also the fourth engine: a 5.3-liter V8. This small-block engine produces 355 horsepower and 383 pound-feet of torque. Depending on the trim selected, GMC pairs it with either a 6-, 8-, or 10-speed automatic transmission. This engine has a 11,300-pound pulling capacity in crew cab models.

So far, we’ve looked at V6 and V8 engine choices. The third engine is perhaps the most interesting one of all: a turbocharged inline-four displacing 2.7 liters. Yes, four cylinders. We tested this one in a Chevrolet Silverado and were impressed by how well it performed. Indeed, it makes 310 horsepower and 348 pound-feet of torque, numbers that exceed small V8s from previous generations. You can’t get this engine with the regular cab and its maximum trailering capacity is a modest 6,900 pounds. Power travels to the wheels utilizing an 8-speed automatic transmission.

The fifth engine is the power king of the pack, a 6.2-liter V8 with 420 horsepower and 460 pound-feet of torque. Power travels to the wheels utilizing a 10-speed automatic transmission. This beefy V8 also has the most pulling performance of the lot, coming in at 12,100 pounds for the Double Cab.

Diesel power is now available with the GMC and Chevrolet, matching Ram and Ford in this offering. This inline-six produces 277 horsepower and matches the 460 pound-feet of torque of the gas V8. Its very fuel-efficient too, with an EPA-estimated 30 mpg highway rating. A 10-speed automatic transmission and a 9,100-pound towing capacity are other features of note.

2020 GMC Sierra

GMC still builds the previous-generation Sierra, calling it the Sierra Limited. Available only as a double cab, short-box truck, this one has the 5.3-liter V6 and the 6-speed automatic transmission.

In all, the GMC Sierra (along with the Chevrolet Silverado) offer compelling choices in the segment. Discounting is rampant, so shop carefully as some deals top $10,000 on fully loaded models.

2020 GMC Sierra Specifications

(Dimensions cover the regular cab only)

GMC	2020 Sierra
Segment	Full-Size Pickup Truck
Price Range	$29,600 to $62,785
Destination Charge	$1,595
Engine No. 1	4.3-liter, V6
Horsepower	285 @ 5,300 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	305 @ 3,900 rpm
Transmission	6-speed automatic
Engine No. 2	5.3-liter, V8
Horsepower	355 @ 5,600
Torque (lb.-ft.)	383 @ 4,100 rpm
Transmission	6-speed automatic
Engine No. 3	2.7-liter, turbo I4
Horsepower	310 @ 5,600 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	348 @ 1,500-4,000 rpm
Transmission	8-speed automatic
Engine No. 4	5.3-liter, V8
Horsepower	355 @ 5,600 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	383 @ 4,100 rpm
Transmission	8-speed automatic
Engine No. 5	6.2-liter, V8
Horsepower	420 @ 5,600 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	460 @ 4,100 rpm
Transmission	10-speed automatic
Engine No. 6	3.0-liter, turbo I6
Horsepower	277 @ 3,750 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	460 @ 1,500 rpm
Transmission	8-speed automatic
Seating	2-3
Curb Weight (pounds)	4,520 to 4,730
Wheelbase (inches)	139.5
Length (inches)	229.6
Width (inches)	81.2
Height (inches)	75.6
Headroom (f,r…inches)	43.1
Legroom (f,r…inches)	44.5
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	66.1
Hip room (f,r…inches)	60.9
Storage (cubic feet)	N/A
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	Up to 7,300
Towing (pounds)	Up to 12,100
Payload (pounds)	2,240 to 2,120
Fuel	Regular, diesel
Fuel Tank (gallons)	28.3
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	NR
Manufacturing Plant	Brampton, Ontario, Canada

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

See Also — GMC Hummer: A Quiet Revolution

Buick 2020: What’s New

February 26, 2020 by admin 2 Comments

This Buick Encore GX is the latest model for GM’s premium brand.

Go to Specifications: Encore | Envision | Enclave | Regal GS | Regal TourX

The Buick brand has enjoyed huge success in the U.S. and abroad, but particularly in China where its sales are six times that of the U.S. In the domestic market, Buick sales have doubled over the past decade, benefitting from new products, including high-demand utility vehicles.

On face value, the Buick brand should remain strong, but China is a huge concern, especially as that nation grapples with the coronavirus (COVID-19), which has killed thousands and has essentially shut down the consumer market. If the virus isn’t soon contained, the outlook for Buick, GM, and all of the automotive world will certainly be gravely affected.

We can’t know the future, but we can surmise that under the right conditions, the Buick brand will continue to set itself apart from the other GM brands. That said, its partner brand, GMC, remains the larger of the two and will likely continue to benefit from more model offerings going forward, including its Hummer line of electric vehicles.

Buick Now and Later

Here is what’s new with Buick for 2020 and what we can expect looking forward.

The LaCrosse sedan is discontinued. Sedan sales are plummeting the world over, but especially in the U.S. For Buick, its large LaCrosse sedan has gone away as customers continue to shift to crossovers, including the Enclave.

Speaking of the Enclave, a new Sport Touring Package rolls out. This package features a unique sport grille with body-color surround and 20-inch bright machined aluminum wheels with contrasting Satin Graphite pockets. It’s available on the Enclave Essence trim level.

An all-new Encore GX model arrives. Not to be confused with the Encore, the Encore GX is an all-new model, which slots between the Encore and Envision. Arriving this spring, the Korean-built Encore GX gives buyers a choice of two turbocharged three-cylinder engines. It comes packed with tech and safety features and should target BMW X2 shoppers. It’s also about the same size as the Mazda CX-30.

Future model changes on tap. We expect the Regal models will go away after this year, leaving Buick with an all-SUV lineup. One of the next models planned is the Buick Enspire, a crossover based on the Cadillac XT4, and pricier than the Buick Envision. We may see both hybrid and full-electric versions at some point, but we expect its U.S. debut will be moved back to 2021. The reason? This made-in-China coupe-like SUV will likely encounter delays related to COVID-19 manufacturing idleness.

Buick and Other GM Brands

Buick’s survival in a shrinking GM universe is remarkable. Oldsmobile was canceled earlier this century, followed by Saturn, Saab, Pontiac, and Hummer. Later, GM sold Vauxhall and Opel to Peugeot, and plans to shut down Holden in 2021. That leaves Chevrolet, GMC, Buick, and Cadillac to hold the GM banner, with only Chevrolet having anything resembling a global presence.

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2020 Buick Encore Specifications

Buick	2020 Encore
Segment	Subcompact SUV
Price Range	$23,200 to $30,800
Destination Charge	$995
Standard Engine	1.4-liter, turbo I4
Horsepower	138 @ 4,900 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	148 @ 1,850 rpm
Transmission	6-speed automatic
Seating	5
Curb Weight (pounds)	3,237
Wheelbase (inches)	100.6
Length (inches)	168.4
Width (inches)	70.1
Height (inches)	65.3
Headroom (f,r…inches)	39.6, 38.8
Legroom (f,r…inches)	40.8, 35.8
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	54.2, 52.5
Hip room (f,r…inches)	51.7, 50.1
Storage (cubic feet)	18.8, 48.4
Gross vehicle weight rating (pounds)	4,255
Towing (pounds)	NR
Payload (pounds)	1,018
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	14.0
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	25/30/27
Manufacturing Plant	Detroit-Hamtramck, Michigan

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

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2020 Buick Envision Specifications

Buick	2020 Envision
Segment	Midsize SUV
Price Range	$31,995 to $44,495
Destination Charge	$1,195
Engine No. 1	2.5-liter, I4
Horsepower	197 @ 6,300 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	192 @ 4,400 rpm
Transmission	6-speed automatic
Engine No. 2	2.0-liter, turbo I4
Horsepower	252 @ 5,500 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	295 @ 3,000 rpm
Transmission	9-speed automatic
Seating	5
Curb Weight (pounds)	3,755 to 4,083
Wheelbase (inches)	108.3
Length (inches)	183.7
Width (inches)	72.4
Height (inches)	66.8
Headroom (f,r…inches)	40.0, 38.5
Legroom (f,r…inches)	40.9, 37.5
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	57.0, 55.8
Hip room (f,r…inches)	54.4, 53.1
Storage (cubic feet)	26.9, 57.3
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	1,500
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	Regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	17.3
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	22/29/25 (FWD); 20/25/22 (turbo)
Manufacturing Plant	China

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

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2020 Buick Enclave Specifications

Buick	2020 Enclave
Segment	Midsize SUV
Price Range	$40,000 to $57,295
Destination Charge	$1,195
Standard Engine	3.6-liter,
Horsepower	310 hp @ 6,800 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	266 lb.-ft. @ 2,800 rpm
Transmission	9-speed automatic
Seating	Up to 8
Curb Weight (pounds)	4,359 to 4,685
Wheelbase (inches)	120.9
Length (inches)	204.3
Width (inches)	78.8
Height (inches)	69.9
Headroom (f,r…inches)	42.6, 39.9, 37.6
Legroom (f,r…inches)	41.2, 38.9, 33.5
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	62.4, 61.7, 57.3
Hip room (f,r…inches)	59.1, 57.7, 48.5
Storage (cubic feet)	23.6, 58.0, 97.6
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	5,000
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	19.4 (FWD); 21.7 (AWD)
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	18/26/21 (FWD); 17/25/20 (AWD)
Manufacturing Plant	Lansing, Michigan

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

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2020 Buick Regal GS Specifications

Buick	2020 Regal GS
Segment	Midsize Sedan
Price Range	From $39,995
Destination Charge	$925
Standard Engine	3.6-liter, V6
Horsepower	310 @ 6,800 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	282 @ 5,200 rpm
Transmission	9-speed automatic
Seating	5
Curb Weight (pounds)	3,796
Wheelbase (inches)	111.4
Length (inches)	192.9
Width (inches)	73.3
Height (inches)	57.3
Headroom (f,r…inches)	38.8, 37.4
Legroom (f,r…inches)	42.1, 36.9
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	56.9, 55.4
Hip room (f,r…inches)	55.2, 54.1
Storage (cubic feet)	31.5, 60.7
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	NR
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	16.3
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	19/27/22
Manufacturing Plant	Russelsheim, Germany

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

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2020 Buick Regal TourX Specifications

Buick	2020 Regal TourX
Segment	Station Wagon
Price Range	$29,370 to $35,995
Destination Charge	$925
Standard Engine	2.0-liter, turbo I4
Horsepower	250 @ 5,500 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	295 @ 3,000-4,000 rpm
Transmission	8-speed automatic
Seating	5
Curb Weight (pounds)	3,706
Wheelbase (inches)	111.4
Length (inches)	196.3
Width (inches)	73.3
Height (inches)	58.4
Headroom (f,r…inches)	38.8, 39.6
Legroom (f,r…inches)	42.1, 36.9
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	56.9, 55.4
Hip room (f,r…inches)	55.2, 54.1
Storage (cubic feet)	32.7; 73.5
Gross vehicle weight (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	1,000
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	16.3
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	21/29/24
Manufacturing Plant	Russelsheim, Germany

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

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See Also — Bye, Bye Buick Cascada!

Photo copyright GM Corp.

Once Again, We Bid Farewell to the Chevrolet Impala

February 19, 2020 by admin 2 Comments

Chevrolet brings the curtain down on its flagship Impala sedan.

Once again, we’re bidding farewell to the Chevrolet Impala, a full-size sedan introduced as a Bel Air sub-model for the 1958 model year. Sure, there have been a few gaps in this model’s lineage, which resulted in earlier farewells, but for the most part, the Impala has maintained its position as Chevy’s flagship sedan. The Bel Air and Caprice are two other models of note, but neither has left as deep and lasting an imprint on the brand as has the Impala.

Shrinking Segment

We’ve been expecting the Impala’s demise for some time, especially as GM reiterates its commitment to utility vehicles and trucks, while gradually exiting most car segments.

The full-size segment has steadily shrunk, especially over the past decade, with the Ford Taurus and Buick LaCrosse among the recently canceled products. The Dodge Challenger, Chrysler 300, and Toyota Avalon remain, but the market isn’t what it once was when nearly every domestic brand was a participant.

The Tenth-Generation Impala

The current and tenth-generation Impala launched in 2014, a front-engine, front-wheel-drive sedan that shares its platform with the Buick LaCrosse and Cadillac XTS. When it launched, Chevrolet supplied three powertrain options, including a 2.4-liter four-cylinder engine with eAssist, which represents a partial hybrid system.

Most buyers, however, considered either the 2.5-liter four-cylinder engine or the 3.6-liter V6, the latter best suited for this large sedan. With all three choices, power routes to the front wheels utilizing a six-speed automatic transmission.

The 2020 Chevrolet Impala

Since its 2014 release, the current-generation Impala has undergone modest changes. In 2015, the eAssist model was dropped due to slow sales. Also, the Impala gained an available 4G LTE Wi-Fi with OnStar. On the other hand, HD Radio disappeared.

From 2016 to 2019, the Impala experienced additional changes, including dropping the number of trims from five to four, then to three. This resulted in package and features shuffling, with some previously optional items made standard.

Two Available Trims

For 2020, the Chevrolet Impala comes in just two trims: LT ($32,495) and Premier ($37,595). Gone is the four-cylinder engine, but that’s not much of a loss. It simply lacks the kick this full-size sedan deserves. What remains is a 305-horsepower V6 engine that’s up to the task. It provides smooth acceleration and adequate passing power, although it doesn’t approach the bygone Impala SS in performance. Stay away from the 20-inch wheels and you’ll enjoy a smooth ride.

The Impala LT comes with automatic halogen headlights, LED daytime running lights, power heated side mirrors, and 18-inch painted aluminum wheels. Keyless entry with push-button start is standard. Inside, this trim features cloth and imitation leather-trimmed seats, full power accessories, a tilt-and-telescopic steering column, power front seats with driver lumbar control, climate control, a six-speaker audio system with an 8-inch touch-screen display, Bluetooth, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto smartphone compatibility, satellite radio, and three USB ports.

All models come with 10 airbags. The LT comes with a rear vision camera and makes only certain driver-assist features such as rear cross-traffic alert optional.

Choose the Premier edition and this one has HID headlamps, 19-inch machine-face aluminum wheels, dual exhaust tips, and a remote vehicle starter system. Leather seating, heated front seats, and advanced safety features, including forward collision alert, rear cross-traffic alert, lane departure warning, and side blind zone alert with lane change alert are standard.

Looking Ahead

With Impala production already ended, consumers will find 2020 models on dealer lots. As of this writing, some 2019 stock also remains. Both model years carry discounts and other incentives.

Looking ahead, Chevrolet plans to keep the midsize Malibu for a few more years. Otherwise, two midsize crossovers – the two-row Blazer and three-row Traverse – are your choices going forward. We may see other models join the Chevrolet line, including fully electric vehicles larger than the current Chevy Bolt. None, however, will likely carry the sedan layout that once dominated the industry.

See Also – About the 2019 Chevrolet Impala

Photo copyright GM Corp.

2020 Chevrolet Impala Specifications

Chevrolet	2020 Impala
Segment	Full-size sedan
Price Range	$32,495 to $37,595
Destination Charge	$875
Standard Engine	3.6-ilter, V6
Horsepower	305 @ 6,800 rpm
Torque (lb.-ft.)	264 @ 5,200 rpm
Transmission	6-speed automatic
Seating	5
Curb Weight (pounds)	3,772 to 3,811
Wheelbase (inches)	111.7
Length (inches)	201.3
Width (inches)	73
Height (inches)	58.9
Head room (f,r…inches)	39.9, 37.4
Legroom (f,r…inches)	45.8, 39.8
Shoulder room (f,r…inches)	57.9, 56.9
Hip room (f,r…inches)	54.9, 54.1
Storage (cubic feet)	18.8
Gross vehicle weight rating (pounds)	NR
Towing (pounds)	NR
Payload (pounds)	NR
Fuel	regular
Fuel Tank (gallons)	18.5
EPA Fuel MPG (city/highway/combined)	18/28/22
Manufacturing Plant	Detroit-Hamtramck, Michigan

Data compiled by Tom Keegan. Specifications supplied by the manufacturer.

See Also — Compact Crossover: Chevrolet Equinox

GMC Hummer: A Quiet Revolution

February 3, 2020 by admin Leave a Comment

We got a glimpse of the all-new Hummer during Super Bowl LIV.

If you were looking forward to learning more about the upcoming Hummer by GMC all-electric SUV during this year’s Super Bowl (congratulations, Kansas City), you might’ve been disappointed. The information was scarce, although the “quiet revolution” theme made its point.

What we do know is that LeBron James is now the public face of Hummer, which is a step up from his previous role as the brand ambassador for the Kia K900. The K900 has always been a Kia oddity — an oversized sedan with luxury aspirations. LeBron’s influence never extended to sales success – the K900’s annual sales are measured in the hundreds.

As for GMC’s ad in Super Bowl LIV, it was big on hints, but not on substance. We saw only glimpses of the SUV’s front fascia, with HUMMER prominently featured across the grille. But it’s an emerging distinction that’ll set the Hummer sub-brand apart from the rest of the GMC brand, while still offering somewhat of a connection to the original Hummer line.

Here’s what we know about the new Hummer:

1. From Humvee to Hummer.

If the Hummer name evokes a connection to military-style vehicles big on girth and terrible on fuel economy, that’s exactly what the brand represented in its initial phase. Derived from the American General HUMVEE vehicles that operated in Desert Storm in the early 1990s, the line eventually expanded to include smaller, yet still inefficient models. GM tried to sell Hummer in 2011 when the company reorganized following its bankruptcy, but found no takers. The brand was later dropped, along with Pontiac and Saturn.

2. Reimaging Hummer.

Rumors that GM would resurrect Hummer surfaced from time to time, likely the wishful thinking of a tight cohort of enthusiasts waxing nostalgic about the brand. Last fall, however, those rumors became more frequent and soon substantive when GM confirmed as much. By late-January, GM offered clarity on what it had in mind – a line of fully electric vehicles bearing the Hummer name. This time, however, Hummer would be utilized as a sub-brand of GMC, much in the same way EQ is the electric sub-brand of Mercedes-Benz. Say what you will, but resurrecting the Hummer line as an EV brand allows GM to distance itself from Hummer’s original mission, while supplying GMC with differentiation from Chevrolet.

3. Electric Aspirations.

Like Ford, we’ve long known GM has been working on bringing new electric trucks and SUVs to the market. Building on its earlier success with the Chevrolet Volt PHEV and the current Chevy Bolt EV, the new electric vehicles will also allow GMC to take on upstart Rivian, Tesla’s Cybertruck, and Ford itself. Electrifying smaller vehicles has worked well for manufacturers to date. Adding electric SUVs and trucks extends the revolution into new territory and may very well make EVs more commonplace in the near future.

4. Power to the People.

Electric vehicles are big on power, but achieve optimum performance quietly and without emissions. That’s the crux of what the new breed of Hummer by GMC vehicles is all about. While we don’t yet have much information to go on, the GMC Super Bowl advertisement says the new vehicle will have an output of 1,000 horsepower and 11,500 pound-feet of torque, as well as a 0-60 mph time of just 3 seconds. Yes, those numbers are incredible, almost impossible to fathom, and may change the game for SUV and truck shoppers. Cost, of course, will be a huge factor, but customers are already paying $50,000 or more for gas versions. Some may make the switch to an EV if the price point is reasonable and the range excellent.

5. May Introduction.

We may hear additional information about the Hummer line in the intervening weeks, but you’ll have to wait until May 20, 2020, for the official reveal. We do know that GM is converting its Detroit-Hamtramck facility to build the new Hummer. In fact, this manufacturing plant is one part of a $2.5 billion investment GM is making in electric vehicles, with the first model of the new breed set to roll out in late 2021. That’ll be some 18 months after the electrified Hummer is unveiled, giving us many months to consider what’s coming down the pike.

Hummer by GMC

LeBron will be the spokesman for Hummer EV, but not for the entire GMC line. For GMC, the brand gets important separation from Chevrolet, something Denali and a six-trick tailgate have done thus far. That said, if consumers embrace electrification in a big way, Chevrolet, Cadillac, and Buick will likely receive similar love with perhaps a whole host of crossovers, trucks, and SUVs electrified down the line.

See Also — 9 Winners and Losers of 2019